An atlas of glass architecture

The world built cathedrals for its plants.

Verrière catalogues the greenhouses that shaped the history of botany and glass engineering, from the Victorian Crystal Palace to the cloud forests of Singapore.

685Greenhouses catalogued
69Countries
6Continents
×1

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The collection

685 greenhouses
Europe (388)
Burgers' Bush, Burgers' Zoo, Arnhem
1988

Burgers' Bush

🇳🇱 Burgers' Zoo, Arnhem
The first fully enclosed rainforest at this scale, since imitated by zoos around the world.
NetherlandsView entry →
Burggarten Palmenhaus, Vienna
1902–1906

Burggarten Palmenhaus

🇦🇹 Vienna
An art nouveau glasshouse built for the imperial court, now divided between a restaurant, a butterfly house and a public glasshouse.
AustriaView entry →
Chatsworth Display Greenhouse, Bakewell (Derbyshire)
1970

Chatsworth Display Greenhouse

🇬🇧 Bakewell (Derbyshire)
It holds direct descendants of the bananas and giant water lily that Joseph Paxton grew here in the nineteenth century.
United KingdomView entry →
Chișinău National Botanical Garden Glasshouses, Chișinău
1951

Chișinău National Botanical Garden Glasshouses

🇲🇩 Chișinău
The tropical glasshouses of Moldova's national botanical garden, in the heart of Chișinău.
MoldovaView entry →
1970s · domed orangery 1984

Great Orangery, Fomin Botanical Garden

🇺🇦 Kyiv
A 30-metre orangery, presented when built as the tallest in Europe, around Ukraine's oldest palm.
UkraineView entry →
Cluj-Napoca Botanical Garden Glasshouses, Cluj-Napoca
1960

Cluj-Napoca Botanical Garden Glasshouses

🇷🇴 Cluj-Napoca
A Canary Island date palm more than 145 years old grows in the palm house, beside an oil palm.
RomaniaView entry →
Glasshouses of the Comenius University Botanical Garden (Botanická záhrada UK), Bratislava, Karlova Ves

Glasshouses of the Comenius University Botanical Garden (Botanická záhrada UK)

🇸🇰 Bratislava, Karlova Ves
Five themed glasshouses, from the Victoria house to the cacti, linked by corridors of ferns, orchids and bromeliads.
SlovakiaView entry →
Curvilinear Range & Great Palm House, Glasnevin, Dublin
1843–1869 · Palm House 1883

Curvilinear Range & Great Palm House

🇮🇪 Glasnevin, Dublin
The dome of the same Richard Turner who designed Kew's Palm House.
IrelandView entry →
Eden Project, Bodelva, Cornwall
2001

Eden Project

🇬🇧 Bodelva, Cornwall
A dead clay pit reborn as a rainforest under bubbles.
United KingdomView entry →
Edenya (Pairi Daiza), Pairi Daiza, Brugelette (Hainaut)
2026

Edenya (Pairi Daiza)

🇧🇪 Pairi Daiza, Brugelette (Hainaut)
Certified by Guinness World Records in 2026 as the world's largest tropical greenhouse: 40,447 m² under glass.
BelgiumView entry →
Edvard Andersons växthus (Edvard Anderson Glasshouse), Bergianska trädgården, Stockholm
1995

Edvard Andersons växthus (Edvard Anderson Glasshouse)

🇸🇪 Bergianska trädgården, Stockholm
A 1936 bequest for a Mediterranean 'winter garden', realised in 1995 and honoured with the European Steel Design Award.
SwedenView entry →
Estufa Fria, Lisbon
1933

Estufa Fria

🇵🇹 Lisbon
A greenhouse without a single pane of glass, built inside an abandoned quarry.
PortugalView entry →
Giardino della Biodiversità, Padua
2014

Giardino della Biodiversità

🇮🇹 Padua
Five biomes under glass, in the world's oldest university botanical garden.
ItalyView entry →
Gliwice Municipal Palm House, Gliwice
1880

Gliwice Municipal Palm House

🇵🇱 Gliwice
Three Canary Island date palms planted for the 1924 exhibition still grow under the same roof, through two complete rebuilds.
PolandView entry →
Gondwanaland, Leipzig Zoo, Leipzig, Saxony
2011

Gondwanaland

🇩🇪 Leipzig Zoo, Leipzig, Saxony
Beneath a roof spanning 154 m, boats follow the Gamanil river through the forests of three continents.
GermanyView entry →
Palm House, Peter the Great Botanical Garden, Saint Petersburg
1896–1898

Palm House, Peter the Great Botanical Garden

🇷🇺 Saint Petersburg
Bombed during the Siege of Leningrad, the glasshouse saved only about a thousand plants; its collections now exceed 12,000 taxa.
RussiaView entry →
Grandes Serres du Jardin des Plantes, Paris, Île-de-France
1834–1836

Grandes Serres du Jardin des Plantes

🇫🇷 Paris, Île-de-France
Rohault de Fleury's two cast-iron and glass pavilions, designed from 1834, mark the beginning of metal architecture in France.
FranceView entry →
Great Glasshouse (Tŷ Gwydr Mawr), National Botanic Garden of Wales, Llanarthne, Wales
2000

Great Glasshouse (Tŷ Gwydr Mawr)

🇬🇧 National Botanic Garden of Wales, Llanarthne, Wales
Designed by Foster and Partners, the world's largest single-span glasshouse gathers plants from all six Mediterranean-climate regions.
United KingdomView entry →
Great Glasshouse, Coimbra Botanical Garden, Coimbra
1859–1866

Great Glasshouse, Coimbra Botanical Garden

🇵🇹 Coimbra
One of the earliest examples of iron architecture in Portugal, restored and reopened after decades of partial closure.
PortugalView entry →
Great Glasshouses of the Parc de la Tête d'Or, Lyon
1877–1880

Great Glasshouses of the Parc de la Tête d'Or

🇫🇷 Lyon
Nicknamed the 'cathedral of glass and steel', they hold a cycad planted at the 1883 opening — the botanical garden's oldest resident.
FranceView entry →
Großes Tropenhaus, Berlin-Dahlem Botanical Garden
1905–1907

Großes Tropenhaus

🇩🇪 Berlin-Dahlem Botanical Garden
A permanent equatorial microclimate since 1907.
GermanyView entry →
Hivernacle del Parc de la Ciutadella, Barcelona, Catalonia
1888

Hivernacle del Parc de la Ciutadella

🇪🇸 Barcelona, Catalonia
Alexandre de Riquer's floral panels, hidden under paint for decades, were brought back to light in 2023.
SpainView entry →
Jardin des Serres d'Auteuil, Paris
1895–1898

Jardin des Serres d'Auteuil

🇫🇷 Paris
The City of Paris's greenhouse garden, where plants for municipal buildings were once produced.
FranceView entry →
Karlsaue Orangery, Kassel
1701–1739

Karlsaue Orangery

🇩🇪 Kassel
A princely orangery that served as both a summer residence and a citrus house.
GermanyView entry →
Kibble Palace, Glasgow, Scotland
1873

Kibble Palace

🇬🇧 Glasgow, Scotland
Built on the shores of Loch Long, this Victorian glasshouse was taken apart and carried by barge up the Clyde to Glasgow.
United KingdomView entry →
Masoala-Halle, Zurich
2001–2003

Masoala-Halle

🇨🇭 Zurich
An entire Madagascan rainforest under a single arched roof.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Old Orangery, Łazienki Park, Warsaw
1785–1788

Old Orangery, Łazienki Park

🇵🇱 Warsaw
The east wing of this neoclassical orangery still houses the court theatre built for Stanisław II August, opened on 6 September 1788.
PolandView entry →
Orangery of the Palace of Versailles, Versailles
1684–1686

Orangery of the Palace of Versailles

🇫🇷 Versailles
Designed by Hardouin-Mansart to shelter more than a thousand of Louis XIV's orange trees in winter.
FranceView entry →
Oranžerija du Jardin botanique de Kaunas, Kaunas
1923–1925

Oranžerija du Jardin botanique de Kaunas

🇱🇹 Kaunas
The president of the young Republic of Lithuania personally laid the cornerstone of this orangery, which went on to become the country's largest greenhouse.
LithuaniaView entry →
Palacio de Cristal, Retiro Park, Madrid
1887

Palacio de Cristal

🇪🇸 Retiro Park, Madrid
A colonial-era greenhouse turned cathedral of contemporary art.
SpainView entry →
Palm House, Kew, London
1844–1848

Palm House

🇬🇧 Kew, London
The technical cradle of every great glasshouse that followed.
United KingdomView entry →
Palm House, Botanic Gardens, Belfast
1839–1852

Palm House

🇬🇧 Botanic Gardens, Belfast
One of the oldest surviving examples of a curvilinear cast-iron glasshouse, whitewashed every summer to protect the plants.
United KingdomView entry →
Palmehuset, Tøyen Botanical Garden, Oslo
1868

Palmehuset

🇳🇴 Tøyen Botanical Garden, Oslo
Oslo's oldest palm tree grew here for nearly two centuries.
NorwayView entry →
Palmehuset, University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden
1872–1874

Palmehuset

🇩🇰 University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden
Inspired by the Crystal Palace, this glass palace houses a cycad planted as early as 1824.
DenmarkView entry →
Palmengarten, Frankfurt am Main
1869–1871

Palmengarten

🇩🇪 Frankfurt am Main
Born when Frankfurt citizens bought the Duke of Nassau's winter-garden collection.
GermanyView entry →
Palmenhaus Schönbrunn (Great Palm House), Vienna, Schönbrunn Palace Park
1880–1882

Palmenhaus Schönbrunn (Great Palm House)

🇦🇹 Vienna, Schönbrunn Palace Park
Three climates, kept at minimums of 6 to 18 °C, under 4,900 m² of scale-like glazing hung on an iron frame of 1882.
AustriaView entry →
Palmenkas (Hortus Botanicus Amsterdam), Amsterdam
1911–1912

Palmenkas (Hortus Botanicus Amsterdam)

🇳🇱 Amsterdam
A rare Amsterdam School glasshouse, built to keep a brilliant botanist from leaving.
NetherlandsView entry →
Palmiarnia Poznańska, Poznań
1910–1911 · rebuilt 1992

Palmiarnia Poznańska

🇵🇱 Poznań
60% destroyed by World War II bombing, Poland's largest greenhouse was rebuilt without ever losing its living collections.
PolandView entry →
Palmiarnia w Wałbrzychu, Wałbrzych
1913

Palmiarnia w Wałbrzychu

🇵🇱 Wałbrzych
A princely 1911-1913 greenhouse lined with volcanic tuff from Etna, at the foot of Książ Castle.
PolandView entry →
Palm House (Palmimaja), Tallinn Botanic Garden, Tallinn
1999 · renovated 2021

Palm House (Palmimaja), Tallinn Botanic Garden

🇪🇪 Tallinn
Designed by two figures of Estonian postmodern architecture, this glass tower was once a nominee for best concrete-and-glass building of the year.
EstoniaView entry →
1972 · renovated 2025

Palmu māja, University of Latvia Botanical Garden

🇱🇻 Riga
A palm tree given in 1939 by national composer Jāzeps Vītols still grows beneath the renovated glasshouse of the largest tropical complex in the Baltic states.
LatviaView entry →
Palmusali (Kaisaniemen kasvitieteellinen puutarha), Kaisaniemi Botanical Garden, Helsinki
1889

Palmusali (Kaisaniemen kasvitieteellinen puutarha)

🇫🇮 Kaisaniemi Botanical Garden, Helsinki
The glass palace was reborn from seeds frozen through the bombing raids.
FinlandView entry →
Pálmaház du Füvészkert de Budapest, Budapest
1865

Pálmaház du Füvészkert de Budapest

🇭🇺 Budapest
The university botanical garden's 1865 palm house, immortalised in The Paul Street Boys.
HungaryView entry →
Pálmaház du zoo de Budapest, Budapest
1909–1912

Pálmaház du zoo de Budapest

🇭🇺 Budapest
Originally designed for a separate urban project on Gellért Hill, the greenhouse ended up housing Budapest Zoo's miniature jungle.
HungaryView entry →
Randers Regnskov (Tropical Zoo), Randers
1996

Randers Regnskov (Tropical Zoo)

🇩🇰 Randers
A zoo built entirely under glass domes, devoted to the tropical forests of Asia, Africa and America
DenmarkView entry →
1955

Rastlinjak, Ljubljana Botanical Garden

🇸🇮 Ljubljana
The first greenhouse at the Ljubljana Botanical Garden, born in 1955 out of postwar reconstruction.
SloveniaView entry →
Regenwaldhaus, Tiergarten Schönbrunn (Vienna Zoo)
2002

Regenwaldhaus

🇦🇹 Tiergarten Schönbrunn (Vienna Zoo)
An Asian rainforest slope recreated under glass, at the heart of the world's oldest zoo.
AustriaView entry →
Regenwaldhaus (Rainforest House), Krefeld Zoo, Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia
1998

Regenwaldhaus (Rainforest House)

🇩🇪 Krefeld Zoo, Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia
Under a timber and Plexiglas roof, most of its forty or so animal species move about with no visible barriers.
GermanyView entry →
Sefton Park Palm House, Sefton Park, Liverpool, England
1896

Sefton Park Palm House

🇬🇧 Sefton Park, Liverpool, England
Given to Liverpool by a benefactor in 1896, this iron glasshouse had its glass blown out by a bomb during the 1941 Blitz.
United KingdomView entry →
1889–1891

Sera Veche, Dimitrie Brândză Botanical Garden

🇷🇴 Bucharest
Built in 1889-1891 on the model of the Liège glasshouses, it shelters a Podocarpus neriifolius more than 120 years old at its centre.
RomaniaView entry →
1823

Serra Carolina (Giardino d'Inverno)

🇮🇹 Palermo
A gift from Queen Maria Carolina in 1823, this winter garden shelters coffee trees and papaya trees beneath the Sicilian sky.
ItalyView entry →
Fata Morgana Greenhouse (skleník Fata Morgana), Prague, Troja
2004

Fata Morgana Greenhouse (skleník Fata Morgana)

🇨🇿 Prague, Troja
An S-shaped ribbon 130 metres long, backed by the rock of the Troja hillside, running through three tropical climates.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Palm Greenhouse, Aptekarsky Ogorod, Moscow
1891

Palm Greenhouse, Aptekarsky Ogorod

🇷🇺 Moscow
Russia's oldest botanical garden shelters, beneath its glasshouse, a cycad over two centuries old, brought back around 1807.
RussiaView entry →
Serres Royales de Laeken, Brussels
1874–1905

Serres Royales de Laeken

🇧🇪 Brussels
Open to the public for only a few weeks each year, in spring.
BelgiumView entry →
Serres tropicales du Jardin botanique de Liberec, Liberec
1996–2000

Serres tropicales du Jardin botanique de Liberec

🇨🇿 Liberec
The Czech Republic's oldest botanical garden (1895) gained, a century later, the country's most singular greenhouse complex, its footprint mimicking a cluster of crystals.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Sheffield Winter Garden, Sheffield
2002

Sheffield Winter Garden

🇬🇧 Sheffield
One of the largest temperate glasshouses built in the UK in a century, framed entirely in glue-laminated larch.
United KingdomView entry →
Staklenik du Jardin botanique Jevremovac, Belgrade
1892

Staklenik du Jardin botanique Jevremovac

🇷🇸 Belgrade
On an estate given by King Milan Obrenović, the Jevremovac greenhouse has stood in the heart of Belgrade since 1892.
SerbiaView entry →
Staklenik, Zagreb Botanical Garden, Zagreb
1891

Staklenik, Zagreb Botanical Garden

🇭🇷 Zagreb
Zagreb's greenhouse began as a marine aquarium before becoming, a century later, a jungle of palms in the heart of the city.
CroatiaView entry →
Temperate House, Kew, London
1860–1899

Temperate House

🇬🇧 Kew, London
The largest surviving Victorian glasshouse in the world.
United KingdomView entry →
Victoriahuset (Victoria Greenhouse), Bergianska trädgården, Stockholm
1899–1900

Victoriahuset (Victoria Greenhouse)

🇸🇪 Bergianska trädgården, Stockholm
A cast-iron dome of 1900 built for the giant Victoria water lily, whose flowers open only at night.
SwedenView entry →
Victoriakas (Hortus Botanicus Leiden), Leiden
1870 · current house 1936–1938

Victoriakas (Hortus Botanicus Leiden)

🇳🇱 Leiden
Beneath a cast-iron crown, giant water lilies have reigned since 1870.
NetherlandsView entry →
Wilhelma Amazon House, Stuttgart
1999

Wilhelma Amazon House

🇩🇪 Stuttgart
A forest path runs through a recreated Amazon rainforest where some twenty bird species fly free.
GermanyView entry →
Wintertuin (Jardin d'hiver), Antwerp Zoo
1897

Wintertuin (Jardin d'hiver)

🇧🇪 Antwerp Zoo
The winter garden of one of the world's oldest zoos, where tropical butterflies sometimes flutter beneath a 19th-century glass roof.
BelgiumView entry →
Yerevan Botanical Garden Glasshouses, Yerevan
1939 · main greenhouse 1979

Yerevan Botanical Garden Glasshouses

🇦🇲 Yerevan
Hundreds of tropical and subtropical species under glass, including avocado trees and orchids from Japan, China and Mexico.
ArmeniaView entry →
Zielona Góra Palm House, Zielona Góra
1961

Zielona Góra Palm House

🇵🇱 Zielona Góra
Built over nineteenth-century wine cellars, it holds a Canary Island date palm counted among the tallest grown under glass in Europe.
PolandView entry →
Łódź Palm House, Łódź
1956

Łódź Palm House

🇵🇱 Łódź
Nearly 4,500 specimens across more than 1,100 taxa grow in the historic Źródliska park, in central Łódź.
PolandView entry →
Greenhouse Complex, Central Botanical Garden of Belarus, Minsk
2007

Greenhouse Complex, Central Botanical Garden of Belarus

🇧🇾 Minsk
A glass octagon where rainforest, African succulents and citrus trees have coexisted since 2007.
BelarusView entry →
Оранжерея Ботанічного саду Львівського університету, Lviv
1974

Оранжерея Ботанічного саду Львівського університету

🇺🇦 Lviv
Beneath a 24-metre glass roof, a century-old Canary Island date palm and bunya pine have come through the winters of war.
UkraineView entry →
Оранжерея Московского зоопарка, Moscow
2012

Оранжерея Московского зоопарка

🇷🇺 Moscow
A glass rotunda at the heart of Moscow Zoo, devoted to the tallest tropical trees, built in 2012.
RussiaView entry →
Plantenpaleis (Plant Palace) of Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Flemish Brabant
1947-1958

Plantenpaleis (Plant Palace) of Meise Botanic Garden

🇧🇪 Meise, Flemish Brabant
A complex of thirteen large glasshouses, inaugurated in 1958, whose twenty-year renovation ended in spring 2023.
BelgiumView entry →
Balat Greenhouse (Balatkas or Kroonserre) of Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Flemish Brabant
1854

Balat Greenhouse (Balatkas or Kroonserre) of Meise Botanic Garden

🇧🇪 Meise, Flemish Brabant
Designed in 1854 by Alphonse Balat for giant water lilies, this octagonal glasshouse was moved twice before reaching Meise.
BelgiumView entry →
Greenhouses of the Liège Botanical Garden, Liège, Wallonia
1841-1883

Greenhouses of the Liège Botanical Garden

🇧🇪 Liège, Wallonia
Victorian-style glasshouses whose two 17-metre rotundas were destroyed by a flying bomb on 24 December 1944.
BelgiumView entry →
Glasshouses of the Ghent University Botanical Garden (Plantentuin UGent), Ghent, East Flanders
1970-1972

Glasshouses of the Ghent University Botanical Garden (Plantentuin UGent)

🇧🇪 Ghent, East Flanders
Four public glasshouses of the 1970s replaced those built by Louis Cloquet when the garden moved here in 1903.
BelgiumView entry →
Glasshouses of the TU Delft Hortus Botanicus, Delft, South Holland
1922

Glasshouses of the TU Delft Hortus Botanicus

🇳🇱 Delft, South Holland
A glasshouse complex built in 1922 to study tropical plants of industrial use, centred on the large Van Iterson house.
NetherlandsView entry →
Gewächshäuser of the Botanical Garden Munich-Nymphenburg, Munich, Bavaria
1910–1912

Gewächshäuser of the Botanical Garden Munich-Nymphenburg

🇩🇪 Munich, Bavaria
Three great halls and eleven smaller houses modelled on Frankfurt's Palmengarten, crowned by a palm-house dome more than 20 m high.
GermanyView entry →
Viktoriahaus and Tropenhaus of the University of Basel Botanical Garden, Basel, Basel-Stadt
1898 (Viktoriahaus); 2023 (Tropenhaus)

Viktoriahaus and Tropenhaus of the University of Basel Botanical Garden

🇨🇭 Basel, Basel-Stadt
An 1898 iron-and-glass dome built for the giant water lily, now beside a new Tropenhaus with a walk-through cloud forest house.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Gewächshäuser of the Botanical Gardens of the University of Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia
1979–1984

Gewächshäuser of the Botanical Gardens of the University of Bonn

🇩🇪 Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia
A glasshouse complex rebuilt in 1979-1984 on the foundations of the nineteenth-century houses, where the titan arum flowers from time to time.
GermanyView entry →
Schaugewächshäuser of the Karlsruhe Botanical Garden, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg
1853–1857

Schaugewächshäuser of the Karlsruhe Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg
Three iron-and-glass houses designed by Heinrich Hübsch, destroyed in 1944-1945, rebuilt and then restored until 2018.
GermanyView entry →
Schaugewächshäuser of the Flora and Botanical Garden of Cologne, Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia
2026

Schaugewächshäuser of the Flora and Botanical Garden of Cologne

🇩🇪 Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia
Three parabolic steel-and-glass wings opened in June 2026, with a canopy walkway through a tropical house and a desert canyon.
GermanyView entry →
1985

Pflanzenschauhäuser of the Grugapark

🇩🇪 Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia
Three glass pyramids of 1985 housing rainforest, cloud forest and succulents, reopened in 2021 under membrane-cushion roofs.
GermanyView entry →
Greenhouses of the Jagiellonian University Botanic Garden (Warszewicz Orangery), Kraków, Lesser Poland
1787–2025

Greenhouses of the Jagiellonian University Botanic Garden (Warszewicz Orangery)

🇵🇱 Kraków, Lesser Poland
The Viennese palm house of 1882, demolished in 1969, was rebuilt in 2025 on its original foundations in Poland's oldest botanic garden.
PolandView entry →
Lednice Castle Greenhouse (zámecký skleník), Lednice, South Moravia
1843–1845

Lednice Castle Greenhouse (zámecký skleník)

🇨🇿 Lednice, South Moravia
Commissioned in 1842 by the Prince of Liechtenstein, this 92 m nave of cast iron and glass carries some 65,000 scale-shaped panes.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Palm House and Greenhouses of the University of Tartu Botanical Garden, Tartu, Tartu County
1807 (first greenhouse); palm house 1984

Palm House and Greenhouses of the University of Tartu Botanical Garden

🇪🇪 Tartu, Tartu County
On a site in continuous use since 1806, a 22-metre palm house shelters more than fifty palm species, some over a century old.
EstoniaView entry →
Flora Olomouc Collection Greenhouses (sbírkové skleníky), Olomouc, Olomouc Region
1927–1930

Flora Olomouc Collection Greenhouses (sbírkové skleníky)

🇨🇿 Olomouc, Olomouc Region
The listed palm house of 1927-1930 shelters some 70 palm species, including specimens over a century old that came from Moravian castle greenhouses.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Łańcut Castle Orangery (Oranżeria), Łańcut, Podkarpackie
1799–1802

Łańcut Castle Orangery (Oranżeria)

🇵🇱 Łańcut, Podkarpackie
Built for orange trees brought from Wilanów, Łańcut's neoclassical orangery yielded two original furnaces and heating channels during its renovation.
PolandView entry →
Oliwa Park Palm House (Palmiarnia Parku Oliwskiego), Gdańsk (Oliwa), Pomerania
Eighteenth-century orangery; rotunda opened 2022

Oliwa Park Palm House (Palmiarnia Parku Oliwskiego)

🇵🇱 Gdańsk (Oliwa), Pomerania
A slightly twisted 24-metre glass cylinder was built for a date palm about 180 years old that had outgrown the roof of the old orangery.
PolandView entry →
Greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes de Nantes (Palmarium and Orangery), Nantes, Pays de la Loire
1895-1900

Greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes de Nantes (Palmarium and Orangery)

🇫🇷 Nantes, Pays de la Loire
A Palmarium opened in 1896 under a 10 m dome, and a salvaged winter garden that now shelters the cactus collection.
FranceView entry →
Bary Greenhouse (former Victoria House), University of Strasbourg Botanical Garden, Strasbourg, Grand Est
1884-1885

Bary Greenhouse (former Victoria House), University of Strasbourg Botanical Garden

🇫🇷 Strasbourg, Grand Est
The last survivor of the grand imperial glasshouses of 1884, this twelve-sided house was built for the giant Victoria water lily and remains unique in France.
FranceView entry →
Equatorial Dome, ZooParc de Beauval, Saint-Aignan, Centre-Val de Loire
2017-2020

Equatorial Dome, ZooParc de Beauval

🇫🇷 Saint-Aignan, Centre-Val de Loire
A 38 m glass dome opened in 2020: a steel frame of about 1,000 tonnes shelters an equatorial forest and close to 25,000 animals.
FranceView entry →
Equatorial Greenhouse, Jardin des plantes de Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France
1969-1970

Equatorial Greenhouse, Jardin des plantes de Lille

🇫🇷 Lille, Hauts-de-France
A brutalist glasshouse of 1970 with a flower-petal plan, set on three concrete piers, likened to the Barbican conservatory in London.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes de Rouen (central greenhouse of 1842), Rouen, Normandy
1839-1842

Greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes de Rouen (central greenhouse of 1842)

🇫🇷 Rouen, Normandy
A cast-iron and glass central greenhouse of 1839-1842, listed in 1975, extended by seven houses of 1884 and tropical houses of 1936.
FranceView entry →
Orangery and Greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes de Montpellier, Montpellier, Occitanie
1802-1806 (orangery); 1860 (Martins greenhouse)

Orangery and Greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes de Montpellier

🇫🇷 Montpellier, Occitanie
In France's oldest botanical garden, an orangery of 1806 with thirteen glazed bays and a Martins greenhouse of 1860 devoted to cacti and succulents.
FranceView entry →
Invernaderos of the Real Jardín Botánico (Graells Greenhouse and Santiago Castroviejo Greenhouse), Madrid, Community of Madrid
1856 and 1993

Invernaderos of the Real Jardín Botánico (Graells Greenhouse and Santiago Castroviejo Greenhouse)

🇪🇸 Madrid, Community of Madrid
A small cast-iron glasshouse of 1856 and a large exhibition greenhouse of 1993 stand side by side on the upper terrace of Charles III's garden.
SpainView entry →
Monleón Greenhouse, Jardí Botànic of the University of Valencia, Valencia, Valencian Community
1860-1862

Monleón Greenhouse, Jardí Botànic of the University of Valencia

🇪🇸 Valencia, Valencian Community
Designed in 1859 by Sebastià Monleón, this iron-and-glass house is presented as the first building in Spain constructed with those materials.
SpainView entry →
1808-c. 1820

Serra Merola (Stufa Temperata), Botanical Garden of Naples

🇮🇹 Naples, Campania
A neoclassical orangery of 1808 whose façade lines up seven glazed arches between Doric columns and thirty metopes carved with plants.
ItalyView entry →
Greenhouses of the Giardino dei Semplici (Orto Botanico of Florence), Florence, Tuscany
1880

Greenhouses of the Giardino dei Semplici (Orto Botanico of Florence)

🇮🇹 Florence, Tuscany
A row of glasshouses more than 160 m long fronts Via Micheli, in one of the world's oldest botanical gardens, founded in 1545.
ItalyView entry →
Serra Moresca of Villa Torlonia, Rome, Lazio
1839-1841

Serra Moresca of Villa Torlonia

🇮🇹 Rome, Lazio
A Neo-Moorish greenhouse designed in 1839 by Giuseppe Jappelli, reopened in December 2021 after fourteen years of closure.
ItalyView entry →
Palacio de Cristal de la Arganzuela (greenhouse), Madrid, Community of Madrid
1992 (original building: 1908-1928 depending on source)

Palacio de Cristal de la Arganzuela (greenhouse)

🇪🇸 Madrid, Community of Madrid
A former Madrid livestock-market hall with a riveted steel frame, converted in 1992 into a 7,100 m² greenhouse with four climates.
SpainView entry →
Victorian Palm Houses, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
1834 / 1858

Victorian Palm Houses, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh

🇬🇧 Edinburgh, Scotland
Two A-listed palm houses, from 1834 and 1858, joined into a single space by a five-year restoration completed in October 2026.
United KingdomView entry →
Barbican Conservatory, London, England
1984

Barbican Conservatory

🇬🇧 London, England
An indoor rainforest perched on level 3 of the Barbican, built to wrap around the theatre's fly tower.
United KingdomView entry →
David Welch Winter Gardens (Duthie Park), Aberdeen, Scotland
1899 / 1970

David Welch Winter Gardens (Duthie Park)

🇬🇧 Aberdeen, Scotland
One of Europe's largest indoor gardens, rebuilt in 1970 after gales destroyed the Victorian palm house of 1899.
United KingdomView entry →
People's Palace and Winter Gardens, Glasgow Green, Glasgow, Scotland
1898

People's Palace and Winter Gardens

🇬🇧 Glasgow Green, Glasgow, Scotland
A large Victorian glasshouse attached to a red-sandstone "people's palace", closed since 2018 pending a £35.9m restoration.
United KingdomView entry →
RHS Garden Wisley Glasshouse (Bicentenary Glasshouse), Wisley, Surrey
2007

RHS Garden Wisley Glasshouse (Bicentenary Glasshouse)

🇬🇧 Wisley, Surrey
A 12 m-high glass nave opened in 2007 for the RHS bicentenary, bringing desert, tropical and temperate climates under one roof.
United KingdomView entry →
Palmhuset (Trädgårdsföreningen), Gothenburg, Västra Götaland
1878

Palmhuset (Trädgårdsföreningen)

🇸🇪 Gothenburg, Västra Götaland
A glass-and-iron palace prefabricated in Scotland and raised in 1878, one of the few large Victorian palm houses to survive.
SwedenView entry →
Orangerieschloss (Orangery Palace, Sanssouci), Potsdam, Brandenburg
1851–1864

Orangerieschloss (Orangery Palace, Sanssouci)

🇩🇪 Potsdam, Brandenburg
The last and largest palace built in Sanssouci Park, whose two side halls still shelter more than 1,000 potted plants each winter.
GermanyView entry →
Wilhelma Historic Glasshouses (Kuppelhäuser), Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg
1852–1853

Wilhelma Historic Glasshouses (Kuppelhäuser)

🇩🇪 Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg
Prefabricated cast-iron glasshouses of 1852-53, built to overwinter orange trees and grow the giant Victoria water lily, now aviaries.
GermanyView entry →
botanika (Rhododendron Park glasshouses, Bremen), Bremen
2003

botanika (Rhododendron Park glasshouses, Bremen)

🇩🇪 Bremen
Asian landscapes under glass, from the Himalaya to Borneo and Japan, sheltering the world's largest collection of rhododendrons.
GermanyView entry →
Tropical Glasshouses of Planten un Blomen (Tropengewächshäuser), Hamburg
1963

Tropical Glasshouses of Planten un Blomen (Tropengewächshäuser)

🇩🇪 Hamburg
A 1963 group of five glasshouses whose glazing hangs from external profiles, leaving the interior free of supports.
GermanyView entry →
Great Tropical Greenhouse of Parc Phœnix ("Green Diamond"), Nice, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
1990

Great Tropical Greenhouse of Parc Phœnix ("Green Diamond")

🇫🇷 Nice, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
One of Europe's largest single-span glasshouses, with no intermediate supports, nicknamed the "Green Diamond".
FranceView entry →
Noilly-Prat Tropical Greenhouse, Jardin botanique E. M. Heckel (Parc Borély), Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
1870

Noilly-Prat Tropical Greenhouse, Jardin botanique E. M. Heckel (Parc Borély)

🇫🇷 Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
An 1870 winter garden moved in 1982 from a vermouth family's estate, closed since 2004 and awaiting restoration.
FranceView entry →

Botanical Greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes Joséphine Baker

🇫🇷 Grenoble, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Three greenhouses with different climates in a municipal botanical garden dating from 1842, renovated in 2003 in the spirit of 1845 glasshouses.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses of the Jardin botanique Henri Gaussen, Toulouse, Occitanie

Greenhouses of the Jardin botanique Henri Gaussen

🇫🇷 Toulouse, Occitanie
A university botanical garden founded in 1796 and reopened in 2008, whose greenhouses cover humid rainforest, succulents and carnivorous plants.
FranceView entry →
Tropical Greenhouse of La Ferme aux crocodiles, Pierrelatte, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
1994

Tropical Greenhouse of La Ferme aux crocodiles

🇫🇷 Pierrelatte, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
A huge tropical greenhouse in the Drôme, heated by hot water from the cooling circuit of the Eurodif plant on the Tricastin nuclear site.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses of the Metz Botanical Garden, Montigny-lès-Metz, Grand Est
1861 (rebuilt c. 1880-1882)

Greenhouses of the Metz Botanical Garden

🇫🇷 Montigny-lès-Metz, Grand Est
Iron glasshouses born of Metz's 1861 exhibition, moved into the botanical garden and the subject of a restoration programme since 2017.
FranceView entry →
2025

The Biome: greenhouses of the Besançon Botanical Garden

🇫🇷 Besançon, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Besançon's botanical garden, founded in 1726, regained brand-new greenhouses in 2025 on the Bouloie campus after seven years without them.
FranceView entry →
Tropical greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes de Caen, Caen, Normandy
1988 (present exhibition houses; earlier houses from the 19th century)

Tropical greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes de Caen

🇫🇷 Caen, Normandy
The older houses, destroyed along with the orangery in the 1944 bombardments, were replaced in 1988 by exhibition houses for exotic plants.
FranceView entry →
Rotunda greenhouse of the Château des Ravalet, Tourlaville (Cherbourg-en-Cotentin), Normandy
1873-1875

Rotunda greenhouse of the Château des Ravalet

🇫🇷 Tourlaville (Cherbourg-en-Cotentin), Normandy
A rare nineteenth-century rotunda greenhouse still standing in Normandy, where pineapples and bananas were grown for the château's guests.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses of the Jardin botanique de la Bastide, Bordeaux, Nouvelle-Aquitaine
2005–2007

Greenhouses of the Jardin botanique de la Bastide

🇫🇷 Bordeaux, Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Seven greenhouses carried by a frame of whole tree trunks and topped by a photovoltaic canopy, on the right bank of the Garonne.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses and Orangery of the Parc du Thabor, Rennes, Brittany
1862–1863

Greenhouses and Orangery of the Parc du Thabor

🇫🇷 Rennes, Brittany
Iron-and-glass greenhouses with three domed pavilions, bombed in 1944 and replaced by concrete houses that now shelter cacti.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses of the Jardin botanique de Tours (Biodivers houses and Jeanne Barret greenhouse), Tours, Centre-Val de Loire
1869

Greenhouses of the Jardin botanique de Tours (Biodivers houses and Jeanne Barret greenhouse)

🇫🇷 Tours, Centre-Val de Loire
Nineteenth-century collection houses, renovated since 2007 around South African flora, tropical understory and useful tropical plants.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes d'Orléans (Grande serre and tropical house), Orléans, Centre-Val de Loire
1834–1836

Greenhouses of the Jardin des plantes d'Orléans (Grande serre and tropical house)

🇫🇷 Orléans, Centre-Val de Loire
A neoclassical great greenhouse of 1836 and a tropical house that held 2,252 plants from 60 families, set beside the Loire.
FranceView entry →
Tropical Greenhouses of the Conservatoire botanique national de Brest, Brest, Brittany

Tropical Greenhouses of the Conservatoire botanique national de Brest

🇫🇷 Brest, Brittany
Four climate rooms devoted to more than 200 taxa, 95% of them threatened, in the Stang-Alar valley.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouse (orangery) of the Jardin Massey, Tarbes, Occitanie
1880-1886

Greenhouse (orangery) of the Jardin Massey

🇫🇷 Tarbes, Occitanie
A metal greenhouse with a glazed dome, built by the city of Tarbes in place of the winter garden Placide Massey had planned.
FranceView entry →
1877-1893

Toulouse Municipal Greenhouses (boulevard de la Marne)

🇫🇷 Toulouse, Occitanie
Nineteenth-century greenhouses dismantled at the Jardin des Plantes and rebuilt on boulevard de la Marne, where they grow 330,000 plants a year.
FranceView entry →
Grande Serre of the Parc zoologique de Paris (Vincennes Zoo), Paris 12th arrondissement, Île-de-France
2014

Grande Serre of the Parc zoologique de Paris (Vincennes Zoo)

🇫🇷 Paris 12th arrondissement, Île-de-France
A 4,000 m² tropical glasshouse built when the Vincennes zoo was entirely reconstructed and reopened in April 2014.
FranceView entry →
Royal Greenhouses of Racconigi Castle (Serre Reali), Racconigi, Piedmont
1844-1848

Royal Greenhouses of Racconigi Castle (Serre Reali)

🇮🇹 Racconigi, Piedmont
A long neo-Gothic nave of iron and glass built for the House of Savoy at the far end of the park of Racconigi Castle, a World Heritage site.
ItalyView entry →
Boboli Gardens Limonaia (Lemon House), Florence, Tuscany
1777-1778

Boboli Gardens Limonaia (Lemon House)

🇮🇹 Florence, Tuscany
A 106-metre lemon house built in 1777-1778 to shelter about 500 potted citrus trees descended from Medicean cultivars.
ItalyView entry →
Roster Tepidarium, Giardino dell'Orticoltura, Florence, Tuscany
1880

Roster Tepidarium, Giardino dell'Orticoltura

🇮🇹 Florence, Tuscany
A Florentine 'crystal palace' inaugurated in 1880 and presented as one of the largest glasshouses in Italy.
ItalyView entry →
Serre di Graefer (Bourbon Greenhouses), Reggia di Caserta, Caserta, Campania

Serre di Graefer (Bourbon Greenhouses), Reggia di Caserta

🇮🇹 Caserta, Campania
The queen's gardener's glasshouses, the botanical laboratory of the Reggia's English Garden, reopened in 2024 after eight years of closure.
ItalyView entry →
Scopoli Greenhouses, Pavia Botanical Garden (Serre Scopoliane), Pavia, Lombardy
1776

Scopoli Greenhouses, Pavia Botanical Garden (Serre Scopoliane)

🇮🇹 Pavia, Lombardy
Glasshouses begun in 1776 to a design by Piermarini that still shelter cycads and more than 500 species of succulents.
ItalyView entry →
Greenhouses of the Orto Botanico of the University of Genoa (Hanbury), Genoa, Liguria
1859 (large greenhouse); rebuilt in 1965

Greenhouses of the Orto Botanico of the University of Genoa (Hanbury)

🇮🇹 Genoa, Liguria
A one-hectare city-centre garden holds six greenhouses on three levels, including a large masonry house begun in 1859.
ItalyView entry →
Antiche Serre (Old Greenhouses) in the Miramare Castle Park, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia
1856-1860

Antiche Serre (Old Greenhouses) in the Miramare Castle Park

🇮🇹 Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Greenhouses built for Maximilian of Habsburg and restored in 2024 to shelter citrus again, a dream the nineteenth-century climate had prevented.
ItalyView entry →
MUSE Tropical Greenhouse (Museo delle Scienze), Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige
2013

MUSE Tropical Greenhouse (Museo delle Scienze)

🇮🇹 Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige
A fragment of Tanzania's Udzungwa mountain forest recreated under glass at 30 °C in a science museum designed by Renzo Piano.
ItalyView entry →
1836

Serre Ducali, Modena Botanical Garden

🇮🇹 Modena, Emilia-Romagna
Two large ducal greenhouses completed in 1836 and restored until 2025, in Modena's botanical garden founded in 1758.
ItalyView entry →
1875

Antica Serra, Siena Botanical Garden

🇮🇹 Siena, Tuscany
A small iron-and-coloured-glass hothouse of 1875, restored in 2024, at the heart of Siena's university botanical garden.
ItalyView entry →
Greenhouses of the Orto Botanico di Roma (Serra Monumentale and Serra Corsini), Rome, Lazio
1877

Greenhouses of the Orto Botanico di Roma (Serra Monumentale and Serra Corsini)

🇮🇹 Rome, Lazio
The Serra Monumentale, built by the Lyon firm Mathian in 1877, stands in the former grounds of Queen Christina of Sweden's palace.
ItalyView entry →
Gruson-Gewächshäuser (Gruson Greenhouses), Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt
1896

Gruson-Gewächshäuser (Gruson Greenhouses)

🇩🇪 Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt
Born of the plant collection of industrialist Hermann Gruson, given to Magdeburg in 1895, they still grow a golden barrel cactus about 150 years old.
GermanyView entry →
Pillnitz Palmenhaus (Palm House), Dresden, Saxony
1859–1861

Pillnitz Palmenhaus (Palm House)

🇩🇪 Dresden, Saxony
Built in 1859-1861, it was then regarded as the largest greenhouse in Germany made entirely of cast iron.
GermanyView entry →
Biosphäre Potsdam, Potsdam, Brandenburg
2001–2002

Biosphäre Potsdam

🇩🇪 Potsdam, Brandenburg
The former flower hall of the 2001 Federal Garden Show, set between the earthworks of a military site and turned into a rainforest in 2002.
GermanyView entry →
Danakil (desert and jungle house, egapark), Erfurt, Thuringia
2021

Danakil (desert and jungle house, egapark)

🇩🇪 Erfurt, Thuringia
Named after Ethiopia's Danakil Desert, it leads visitors along a watercourse from a 1,250 m² desert into a tropical rainforest.
GermanyView entry →
Berggarten Show Houses (Herrenhausen Gardens), Hanover, Lower Saxony
1958

Berggarten Show Houses (Herrenhausen Gardens)

🇩🇪 Hanover, Lower Saxony
Its orchid house, one of the largest permanent orchid displays in Europe, shows 500 to 800 orchids in flower all year round.
GermanyView entry →
1886

Historic Glasshouses of the Greifswald University Botanic Garden

🇩🇪 Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
A rare survivor of the late 19th century, its riveted-steel palm house of 1886 is protected as a monument of national importance.
GermanyView entry →
Glasshouses of the Old Botanical Garden, Göttingen (Alter Botanischer Garten), Göttingen, Lower Saxony
1857

Glasshouses of the Old Botanical Garden, Göttingen (Alter Botanischer Garten)

🇩🇪 Göttingen, Lower Saxony
Built in 1857 as a Victorian-style orangery, the fern house has held since 1910 a collection raised from spores gathered around the world.
GermanyView entry →
Großes Gewächshaus (Great Greenhouse), Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe, Kassel, Hesse
1822–1823

Großes Gewächshaus (Great Greenhouse), Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe

🇩🇪 Kassel, Hesse
Commissioned in 1822 by Elector William II, it ranks among the earliest iron-and-glass structures in Europe.
GermanyView entry →
Kuppelgewächshaus (Dome Greenhouse), Düsseldorf University Botanical Garden, Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia
1974–1975

Kuppelgewächshaus (Dome Greenhouse), Düsseldorf University Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia
A dome of 630 triangles, 18 m high and free of interior supports, devoted to the floras of Mediterranean-type climates.
GermanyView entry →
Palmenhaus (Palm House), Mainau Island, Mainau Island, Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg
1968 (renewed 1998)

Palmenhaus (Palm House), Mainau Island

🇩🇪 Mainau Island, Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg
Under a wave-shaped roof rising to 17.40 m grow more than twenty palm species, including a Canary date palm planted in 1888.
GermanyView entry →
1958 (renovated for 2023)

Pflanzenschauhaus (Plant Show House), Luisenpark

🇩🇪 Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg
Successor to an early 20th-century palm house lost in the war, this 1958 complex was judged too defining for the park to be demolished.
GermanyView entry →
1958

Pflanzenschauhäuser (Plant Show Houses), Rombergpark Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia
Four listed glasshouses of 1958, including a Coal Age flora house where a grove of 35 Wollemi pines was planted.
GermanyView entry →
2011

Manatihaus (Manatee House), Nuremberg Zoo

🇩🇪 Nuremberg, Bavaria
Wooden walkways cross the canopy of a recreated South American forest and look down on a pool of Caribbean manatees.
GermanyView entry →
Great Conservatory, Syon Park, Syon Park, Brentford (London)
1826–1830 · restored 1986–87

Great Conservatory, Syon Park

🇬🇧 Syon Park, Brentford (London)
Its listing describes it as the first metal horticultural structure of any importance, completed around 1830.
United KingdomView entry →
Palm House, Bicton Park Botanical Gardens, Bicton, Devon
≈1820–1825 · renovated 1985

Palm House, Bicton Park Botanical Gardens

🇬🇧 Bicton, Devon
Built around 1825, some twenty years before Kew's Palm House, its curving roof is glazed with about 18,000 small overlapping panes.
United KingdomView entry →
The Pavilions, Sheffield Botanical Gardens, Sheffield, South Yorkshire
1836–1838 · restored 2003

The Pavilions, Sheffield Botanical Gardens

🇬🇧 Sheffield, South Yorkshire
Designed by Benjamin Broomhead Taylor after a competition judged by Joseph Paxton, the three domed pavilions reopened in 2003.
United KingdomView entry →
Chiswick House Conservatory, Chiswick, London (Hounslow)
1813 · rebuilt 1932–33 · restored 2007–2010

Chiswick House Conservatory

🇬🇧 Chiswick, London (Hounslow)
Its camellia collection, with plants thought to date back to 1828, is one of the oldest in Europe grown under glass.
United KingdomView entry →
Princess of Wales Conservatory, Kew Gardens, Kew, London (Richmond upon Thames)
1987

Princess of Wales Conservatory, Kew Gardens

🇬🇧 Kew, London (Richmond upon Thames)
Opened by Diana in 1987, it gathers ten computer-controlled climates under one roof, from cool desert to tropical rainforest.
United KingdomView entry →
Waterlily House, Kew Gardens, Kew, London (Richmond upon Thames)
1852 · under restoration since 2025

Waterlily House, Kew Gardens

🇬🇧 Kew, London (Richmond upon Thames)
When it opened in 1852 to show off the giant Victoria waterlily, it was the widest single-span glasshouse in the world.
United KingdomView entry →
Glasshouses, Birmingham Botanical Gardens, Edgbaston, Birmingham (West Midlands)
1852–1884 · restored 1980s–1990s

Glasshouses, Birmingham Botanical Gardens

🇬🇧 Edgbaston, Birmingham (West Midlands)
Built in 1852 partly to house the giant waterlily Victoria amazonica, the Tropical House is laid out around a raised circular pool.
United KingdomView entry →
Glasshouse Range, Cambridge University Botanic Garden, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire
1888–1891 · rebuilt in teak 1932–1934

Glasshouse Range, Cambridge University Botanic Garden

🇬🇧 Cambridge, Cambridgeshire
In 2004 the first flowering of its titan arum was broadcast live online and watched by more than half a million people.
United KingdomView entry →
1976–1977

Tropical domes of the University of Zurich Botanic Garden

🇨🇭 Zurich, Canton of Zurich
Three acrylic calottes on a slender aluminium lattice, given back their original transparency by a renovation completed in 2013.
SwitzerlandView entry →
1976

Large display glasshouses of the Bern Botanical Garden (BOGA)

🇨🇭 Bern, Canton of Bern
Three listed steel-and-glass houses opened in 1976, reaching down the slope of the Aare valley in Bern.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Winter Garden and Temperate House of the Geneva Conservatory and Botanical Garden, Geneva, Canton of Geneva
1910–1911

Winter Garden and Temperate House of the Geneva Conservatory and Botanical Garden

🇨🇭 Geneva, Canton of Geneva
A 1911 winter garden moved in 1935 to make way for the Avenue de la Paix, beside a neoclassical-inspired temperate house.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Orangery and glasshouses of the Kruidtuin (Botanic Garden), Leuven, Leuven, Flemish Brabant
1821–1823

Orangery and glasshouses of the Kruidtuin (Botanic Garden), Leuven

🇧🇪 Leuven, Flemish Brabant
A classicist orangery flanked by glasshouses, built in 1821–1823 by the Prince of Orange's court architect and protected since 1976.
BelgiumView entry →
Papiliorama (tropical domes at Kerzers), Kerzers, Canton of Fribourg
2003

Papiliorama (tropical domes at Kerzers)

🇨🇭 Kerzers, Canton of Fribourg
Founded at Marin in 1988 and rebuilt after a fire in 1995, the tropical garden moved in 2003 under a 40-metre dome at Kerzers.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Collection glasshouse and orangeries of the Oude Hortus (old botanic garden of Utrecht), Utrecht, Utrecht province
1907

Collection glasshouse and orangeries of the Oude Hortus (old botanic garden of Utrecht)

🇳🇱 Utrecht, Utrecht province
Five parallel glasshouses of 1907, first heated by a coal-fired boiler, linked by a glazed corridor to an orangery of 1768.
NetherlandsView entry →
Rivièrahal and Victoria house of Diergaarde Blijdorp, Rotterdam, South Holland
1940

Rivièrahal and Victoria house of Diergaarde Blijdorp

🇳🇱 Rotterdam, South Holland
A 1940 hall by Sybold van Ravesteyn, designed as a winter garden, whose east wing keeps its original basin for the giant water lily.
NetherlandsView entry →
Tropical Ravine (Belfast Botanic Gardens), Belfast, Northern Ireland
1887–1889

Tropical Ravine (Belfast Botanic Gardens)

🇬🇧 Belfast, Northern Ireland
A Victorian glasshouse built around a sunken tropical glen that visitors look down on from a balcony.
United KingdomView entry →
Early 1870s (restored 2008–2009)

Benmore Fernery

🇬🇧 Benmore, near Dunoon (Argyll), Scotland
A Victorian fernery built against a cliff face, left in ruins for about a century before its revival in 2009.
United KingdomView entry →
Plantasia (Plantasia Tropical Zoo), Swansea, Wales
1990

Plantasia (Plantasia Tropical Zoo)

🇬🇧 Swansea, Wales
A 1990 glass pyramid set in a retail park, where a rainforest and an arid zone now house more than forty animal species.
United KingdomView entry →
Aberglasney Ninfarium, Llangathen, Carmarthenshire, Wales
2005

Aberglasney Ninfarium

🇬🇧 Llangathen, Carmarthenshire, Wales
A subtropical garden planted in the ruined rooms of a Welsh mansion, under a glass atrium completed in 2005.
United KingdomView entry →
Paxton's Vinery (Lismore Castle Gardens), Lismore, County Waterford
1853

Paxton's Vinery (Lismore Castle Gardens)

🇮🇪 Lismore, County Waterford
A Joseph Paxton glasshouse with the ridge-and-furrow roof of the Crystal Palace, believed to be the last of its design.
IrelandView entry →
Kylemore Abbey Victorian Walled Garden glasshouses, Kylemore, Connemara (County Galway)
1867–1871

Kylemore Abbey Victorian Walled Garden glasshouses

🇮🇪 Kylemore, Connemara (County Galway)
A Victorian garden that once had 21 glasshouses heated by 1,524 m of pipes, two of which have been rebuilt by the abbey's nuns.
IrelandView entry →
Main Glasshouse of the Tropical Botanical Garden (Estufa Principal, Jardim Botânico Tropical), Lisbon (Belém)
1914

Main Glasshouse of the Tropical Botanical Garden (Estufa Principal, Jardim Botânico Tropical)

🇵🇹 Lisbon (Belém)
Built of iron and glass in 1914, the main glasshouse is the chief survivor of the early years of the Colonial Garden founded in Lisbon in 1906.
PortugalView entry →
1889

Vivero de Estufas, El Retiro (historic greenhouse nursery)

🇪🇸 Madrid, Community of Madrid
Gathered in a corner of the Retiro from 1889 onwards, its nineteen old greenhouses form a group that the city describes as unique in Spain.
SpainView entry →
Circular Greenhouse of the Tapada das Necessidades (Estufa circular), Lisbon
19th century, under Pedro V

Circular Greenhouse of the Tapada das Necessidades (Estufa circular)

🇵🇹 Lisbon
A round iron-and-glass greenhouse built under Pedro V, once a winter garden for exotic plants and now awaiting rehabilitation.
PortugalView entry →
Glasshouses of the University of Graz Botanical Garden, Graz, Styria
1889 / 1995

Glasshouses of the University of Graz Botanical Garden

🇦🇹 Graz, Styria
Three intersecting parabolic cylinders of acrylic glass, designed by Volker Giencke and opened in 1995.
AustriaView entry →
Glasshouses of the Květná zahrada (Flower Garden), Kroměříž, Zlín Region
1840–1845

Glasshouses of the Květná zahrada (Flower Garden)

🇨🇿 Kroměříž, Zlín Region
Two classicist glasshouses of the 1840s frame the entrance to a 17th-century garden on the World Heritage List.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Glasshouses of the Charles University Botanical Garden (Na Slupi), Prague, New Town (Na Slupi)
1946–1949

Glasshouses of the Charles University Botanical Garden (Na Slupi)

🇨🇿 Prague, New Town (Na Slupi)
Rebuilt after the Allied bombing of 14 February 1945, these university glasshouses shelter a Cycas circinalis more than 130 years old.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Wüstenhaus Schönbrunn (Desert House, former Sundial House), Vienna, Schönbrunn Palace Park
1904

Wüstenhaus Schönbrunn (Desert House, former Sundial House)

🇦🇹 Vienna, Schönbrunn Palace Park
It keeps a Fockea in cultivation since the late 18th century, billed as the oldest potted succulent in the world.
AustriaView entry →
Festetics Palace Palm House (Pálmaház), Keszthely, Zala County
1880

Festetics Palace Palm House (Pálmaház)

🇭🇺 Keszthely, Zala County
An 1880 palm house whose iron frame was made in Gustave Eiffel's workshops in Paris.
HungaryView entry →
1958

Glasshouses of the Pavol Jozef Šafárik University Botanical Garden (UPJŠ)

🇸🇰 Košice, Košice Region
Its glasshouses keep some 11,000 cacti, presented as the largest such collection in Slovakia and the Czech Republic.
SlovakiaView entry →
Tsaritsyno Orangeries, Moscow
2007–2008 (reconstruction)

Tsaritsyno Orangeries

🇷🇺 Moscow
By the mid-1780s Catherine II's orangeries here held ten thousand trees, tended by the German botanist Johann Rack.
RussiaView entry →
Talvipuutarha (Helsinki Winter Garden), Helsinki, Uusimaa
1891–1893

Talvipuutarha (Helsinki Winter Garden)

🇫🇮 Helsinki, Uusimaa
Given by a patron to the Finnish Horticultural Society, this 1893 glasshouse has been open to the public free of charge since the day it opened.
FinlandView entry →
Romeo and Julia pyramids (University of Oulu Botanical Garden), Oulu, North Ostrobothnia

Romeo and Julia pyramids (University of Oulu Botanical Garden)

🇫🇮 Oulu, North Ostrobothnia
Two glass pyramids, Romeo (16 m) and Julia (14 m), display some 1,200 exotic plants in one of the world's northernmost scientific gardens.
FinlandView entry →
Vinterhaven, the Winter Garden of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen, Capital Region
1906

Vinterhaven, the Winter Garden of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek

🇩🇰 Copenhagen, Capital Region
Planned in stone, the dome over the museum's winter garden was finally built in iron and glass, in the manner of late nineteenth-century glasshouses.
DenmarkView entry →
1968–1970; tropical house 2014

Væksthusene, Aarhus Botanical Garden greenhouses (Tropical House)

🇩🇰 Aarhus, Central Jutland
A tropical dome clad in ETFE cushions, its shape calculated to catch the winter sun and keep out much of the summer sun.
DenmarkView entry →
University of Turku Botanical Garden greenhouses (Ruissalo), Turku, Southwest Finland

University of Turku Botanical Garden greenhouses (Ruissalo)

🇫🇮 Turku, Southwest Finland
In the largest of the six greenhouses, cockatiels and budgerigars fly freely above a pool of giant Victoria cruziana water lilies.
FinlandView entry →
Limonluk Kasr-ı Hümayunu, Yıldız Palace, Beşiktaş, Istanbul
1895

Limonluk Kasr-ı Hümayunu, Yıldız Palace

🇹🇷 Beşiktaş, Istanbul
An art nouveau orangery by Raimondo D'Aronco, born of Sultan Abdülhamid II's passion for plants.
TurkeyView entry →
1876

Maslak Pavilions Orangery (Maslak Kasırları Limonluk)

🇹🇷 Maslak, Sarıyer, Istanbul
Camellias planted for Abdülhamid II still fill this orangery, completed in 1876 and now ringed by Maslak's towers.
TurkeyView entry →
2014

Tropical Greenhouse of the University of Szeged Botanical Garden (SZTE Füvészkert)

🇭🇺 Szeged, Csongrád-Csanád County
Built in 2014 on the site of a worn-out predecessor, it kept in place tropical plants that had been growing there for some fifty years.
HungaryView entry →
Tropicana Greenhouse, Teplice Botanical Garden (skleník Tropicana), Teplice, Ústí nad Labem Region
2004–2005

Tropicana Greenhouse, Teplice Botanical Garden (skleník Tropicana)

🇨🇿 Teplice, Ústí nad Labem Region
One of the largest and tallest display greenhouses in the Czech Republic, it also recreates the Teplice landscape of 20 million years ago.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Glasshouses of the Masaryk University Faculty of Science Botanical Garden (skleníky), Brno, South Moravian Region
1995–1997

Glasshouses of the Masaryk University Faculty of Science Botanical Garden (skleníky)

🇨🇿 Brno, South Moravian Region
A giant water lily flowered here as early as 1926 in a makeshift sunken greenhouse; five tunnel-shaped glasshouses took over in 1997.
Czech RepublicView entry →
1985–1987

Palm House and Glasshouses of the Vácrátót National Botanical Garden (Nemzeti Botanikus Kert)

🇭🇺 Vácrátót, Pest County
Under a 15 m nave heated with thermal water, the Palm House grows bananas, coffee and turmeric at the heart of a 27-hectare garden.
HungaryView entry →
Hofgarten Palm House (Palmenhaus), Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol
1961

Hofgarten Palm House (Palmenhaus), Innsbruck

🇦🇹 Innsbruck, Tyrol
In this 1961 glasshouse, successor to an 1860 palm house on cast-iron pillars, the giant water lily has flowered regularly since 1965.
AustriaView entry →
Atocha Station Tropical Garden (Jardín Tropical de Atocha), Madrid, Community of Madrid
1992 (train shed of 1892)

Atocha Station Tropical Garden (Jardín Tropical de Atocha)

🇪🇸 Madrid, Community of Madrid
The tracks of Madrid's old Mediodía station, opened in 1892, gave way in 1992 to a forest of palms beneath the glass roof.
SpainView entry →
Pazo de Lourizán Greenhouse (Invernadoiro de Lourizán), Pontevedra, Galicia
1900 (rebuilt in 1953)

Pazo de Lourizán Greenhouse (Invernadoiro de Lourizán)

🇪🇸 Pontevedra, Galicia
Listed with the pazo in 2025, this 1900 greenhouse is rated among Galicia's finest for the lightness of its structure.
SpainView entry →
1987–1989

Conservatoire du Bégonia (Begonia Conservatory)

🇫🇷 Rochefort, Nouvelle-Aquitaine
A 1,000 m² greenhouse devoted to a single genus, the begonia, holding what it describes as the largest collection in the world.
FranceView entry →
Bernard Boissier Tropical Collection Greenhouses (Parc du Moulin à Tan), Sens, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
2000

Bernard Boissier Tropical Collection Greenhouses (Parc du Moulin à Tan)

🇫🇷 Sens, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Some 1,500 tropical plants gathered on 600 m² around a pool where the giant water lily Victoria cruziana blooms.
FranceView entry →
Tropical Agronomy Greenhouses, Parc du Grand-Blottereau, Nantes, Pays de la Loire
1902

Tropical Agronomy Greenhouses, Parc du Grand-Blottereau

🇫🇷 Nantes, Pays de la Loire
Built in 1902 to teach colonial agronomy, these glasshouses still shelter useful tropical plants more than a century old.
FranceView entry →
2001

Biosfera, Renzo Piano's Glass Bubble (La Bolla)

🇮🇹 Genoa, Liguria
A 20-metre glass bubble hanging over the water of Genoa's old harbour shelters a miniature tropical rainforest.
ItalyView entry →
Orangery and Greenhouses of Villa Pisani, Stra, Veneto
Hot house before 1845 · warm house 1846

Orangery and Greenhouses of Villa Pisani

🇮🇹 Stra, Veneto
In the 19th century, citrus varieties grown at Stra were planted in the orangeries of Schönbrunn, the Hofburg and Tsar Alexander.
ItalyView entry →
Paradehuset, Gisselfeld Kloster, Haslev, Zealand
1876

Paradehuset, Gisselfeld Kloster

🇩🇰 Haslev, Zealand
The last show conservatory of its kind still in private hands in Denmark, restored from its original drawings and honoured by Europa Nostra in 2006.
DenmarkView entry →
Žiemos sodas, Winter Garden of the Kretinga Museum, Kretinga, Klaipėda County
c. 1875

Žiemos sodas, Winter Garden of the Kretinga Museum

🇱🇹 Kretinga, Klaipėda County
Created around 1875 to join two buildings of the Tiškevičius palace, this three-level winter garden was once lit by three electric arc lamps.
LithuaniaView entry →
2001

Universeum (Regnskogen rainforest)

🇸🇪 Gothenburg, Västra Götaland
A South American rainforest rising through five levels inside a timber science centre that won Sweden's Träpriset in 2004.
SwedenView entry →
Glasshouses and orangeries of Lund University Botanical Garden (Palmhuset), Lund, Scania

Glasshouses and orangeries of Lund University Botanical Garden (Palmhuset)

🇸🇪 Lund, Scania
Endangered cycads (Cycas zeylanica) planted in the 1860s grew right up to the roof and prompted a new palm house 3 metres taller.
SwedenView entry →
Tropical World (Arnold and Marjorie Ziff Tropical World), Leeds, West Yorkshire
1911 · present building 1939

Tropical World (Arnold and Marjorie Ziff Tropical World)

🇬🇧 Leeds, West Yorkshire
In the Canal Gardens of Roundhay Park, the largest collection of tropical plants in the United Kingdom after Kew's.
United KingdomView entry →
Fernery and Conservatory (Orangery), Tatton Park, Knutsford, Cheshire
1818 · fernery 1859

Fernery and Conservatory (Orangery), Tatton Park

🇬🇧 Knutsford, Cheshire
A tall Victorian fernery built in 1859 for New Zealand tree ferns, linked to a conservatory of 1818.
United KingdomView entry →
Glasshouses, Oxford Botanic Garden (University of Oxford), Oxford, Oxfordshire
1851 · rebuilt 1893, 1949 and 1972

Glasshouses, Oxford Botanic Garden (University of Oxford)

🇬🇧 Oxford, Oxfordshire
The tank of the water lily house, built in 1851 in the wake of Paxton's success with Victoria, is the oldest part of the glasshouses.
United KingdomView entry →
Camellia House, Wollaton Hall, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire
1823

Camellia House, Wollaton Hall

🇬🇧 Nottingham, Nottinghamshire
A glasshouse of 1823 whose cast-iron Doric columns double as rainwater downpipes.
United KingdomView entry →
Great Vine House, Hampton Court Palace, Hampton, London (Richmond upon Thames)
1969 · vine planted 1768

Great Vine House, Hampton Court Palace

🇬🇧 Hampton, London (Richmond upon Thames)
A glasshouse built in 1969 over its predecessor so as not to disturb a vine planted in 1768 under Capability Brown's direction.
United KingdomView entry →
Großes Tropenhaus and Victoria House, Halle Botanical Garden, Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt
1872–1873

Großes Tropenhaus and Victoria House, Halle Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt
A listed tropical house of 1872-1873 standing beside an observatory of 1788, in what was Prussia's first medicinal garden.
GermanyView entry →
Glasshouses of the University of Potsdam Botanical Garden (Palmenhaus and Victoriahaus), Potsdam, Brandenburg
1908–1912

Glasshouses of the University of Potsdam Botanical Garden (Palmenhaus and Victoriahaus)

🇩🇪 Potsdam, Brandenburg
Built in 1908-1912 for the royal nursery of Sanssouci, these glasshouses shelter two dwarf palms some 140 years old from the former court nursery.
GermanyView entry →
Tropenhaus and Show Glasshouses, Botanical Garden of Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, North Rhine-Westphalia
1976–1977

Tropenhaus and Show Glasshouses, Botanical Garden of Ruhr University Bochum

🇩🇪 Bochum, North Rhine-Westphalia
A tropical house with 17 m of headroom, where a titan arum flowered for the first time in the Ruhr region in September 2017.
GermanyView entry →
Glasshouses of the Ecological-Botanical Garden (ÖBG), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Bavaria
1985–1993

Glasshouses of the Ecological-Botanical Garden (ÖBG), University of Bayreuth

🇩🇪 Bayreuth, Bavaria
One house recreates the daily temperature swing of tropical high mountains; an Ethiopian giant lobelia flowered there in 1999, a first in cultivation.
GermanyView entry →
Tropenhaus and glasshouses of the St. Gallen Botanical Garden, St. Gallen, Canton of St. Gallen
1998

Tropenhaus and glasshouses of the St. Gallen Botanical Garden

🇨🇭 St. Gallen, Canton of St. Gallen
In the 1998 Tropenhaus, Victoria water lilies and lotus flowers greet visitors at the entrance throughout the summer.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Tropical glasshouse of the Lausanne Cantonal Botanical Garden, Lausanne, Canton of Vaud
2019

Tropical glasshouse of the Lausanne Cantonal Botanical Garden

🇨🇭 Lausanne, Canton of Vaud
Set on the natural slope without any earthworks, this 2019 glasshouse holds Switzerland's largest collection of carnivorous plants.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Rimbula (Wildlands Adventure Zoo Emmen), Emmen, Drenthe
2016

Rimbula (Wildlands Adventure Zoo Emmen)

🇳🇱 Emmen, Drenthe
Recognised by Guinness World Records as the largest indoor rainforest in a zoo, it is home to Asian elephants among other species.
NetherlandsView entry →
Burgers' Desert (Royal Burgers' Zoo), Arnhem, Gelderland
1994

Burgers' Desert (Royal Burgers' Zoo)

🇳🇱 Arnhem, Gelderland
Under a roof of air cushions, this 7,500 m² covered rock desert recreates the Sonoran and Mojave deserts.
NetherlandsView entry →
Greenhouses of La Concepción Botanical-Historical Garden (invernaderos antiguos and estufa caliente), Málaga, Andalusia
Second half of the 19th century

Greenhouses of La Concepción Botanical-Historical Garden (invernaderos antiguos and estufa caliente)

🇪🇸 Málaga, Andalusia
Two 19th-century iron greenhouses built to acclimatise warm-climate plants in stages: one boiler-heated, the other warmed by the sun.
SpainView entry →
1997 (Orquidearium opened in 1999)

Minitropicarium of the Real Jardín Botánico Juan Carlos I (Orquidearium and Crassuletum)

🇪🇸 Alcalá de Henares, Community of Madrid
A former research greenhouse, its floor dug out for extra height, houses tropical orchids and part of Spain's largest cactus collection.
SpainView entry →
2010 (garden opening)

Exhibition Greenhouse of the Castilla-La Mancha Botanical Garden (invernadero de exposición)

🇪🇸 Albacete, Castilla-La Mancha
In a garden devoted mainly to the flora of Castilla-La Mancha, a 600 m² greenhouse split between the humid and dry tropics, from tree ferns to dragon trees.
SpainView entry →
Indonesian Jungle Pavilion (Indonéská džungle), Prague Zoo, Prague, Troja
2004

Indonesian Jungle Pavilion (Indonéská džungle), Prague Zoo

🇨🇿 Prague, Troja
Opened in 2004 beneath an elliptical glass dome, this pavilion was at the time the most expensive project in the history of Czech zoos.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Palmenhaus, Blumengärten Hirschstetten, Vienna, Donaustadt (22nd district)
1958–1959

Palmenhaus, Blumengärten Hirschstetten

🇦🇹 Vienna, Donaustadt (22nd district)
Completed in 1959 as the great glasshouse of Vienna's municipal nursery, it was turned into a 700 m² display house in 1989.
AustriaView entry →
Palm House and Succulent House of the University of Debrecen Botanical Garden, Debrecen, Hajdú-Bihar County
1975

Palm House and Succulent House of the University of Debrecen Botanical Garden

🇭🇺 Debrecen, Hajdú-Bihar County
Famous across Europe by 1986, its cactus collection now spans more than 150 genera and some 2,500 species, subspecies, varieties and forms.
HungaryView entry →
Glasshouses of the Linz Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten der Stadt Linz), Linz, Upper Austria
1976–2008

Glasshouses of the Linz Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten der Stadt Linz)

🇦🇹 Linz, Upper Austria
Their cactus collection was recognised by the IOS in 1963 as Europe's fourth conservation and type-plant collection.
AustriaView entry →
1834–1836

Historic Orangery of the Kazan Zoo-Botanical Garden

🇷🇺 Kazan, Tatarstan
Built in stone in 1834–1836 for Kazan University, it still holds palms planted in the nineteenth century.
RussiaView entry →
1948 (post-war glasshouses); 2017 (new orangery)

Orangeries of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Botanical Garden

🇷🇺 Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Oblast
The central glasshouse was raised by five metres for a Livistona brought from Moscow in 1959, now nearly 14 m tall.
RussiaView entry →
Historic Orangery, Botanical Garden of Odesa National University, Odesa, Odesa Oblast
1886

Historic Orangery, Botanical Garden of Odesa National University

🇺🇦 Odesa, Odesa Oblast
Damaged by a missile attack in March 2024, the 1886 orangery reopened that October thanks to donations from Odesa residents.
UkraineView entry →
1979

Glasshouses of the N. A. Avrorin Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute

🇷🇺 Kirovsk, Murmansk Oblast
At 67°38′ N, beyond the Arctic Circle, its glasshouses grow tropical plants in Russia's northernmost botanical garden.
RussiaView entry →
Tropical Greenhouses of the Jean-Marie Pelt Botanical Garden, Villers-lès-Nancy, Grand Est

Tropical Greenhouses of the Jean-Marie Pelt Botanical Garden

🇫🇷 Villers-lès-Nancy, Grand Est
Seven large themed greenhouses covering 2,500 m², from a palm house with threatened plants to a liana gallery and carnivorous plants.
FranceView entry →
2012

Biotropica Tropical Greenhouse (Les jardins animaliers Biotropica)

🇫🇷 Val-de-Reuil, Normandy
A 5,000 m² zoo greenhouse where a Komodo dragon, tamanduas and gharials live beneath tropical vegetation.
FranceView entry →
Collection Greenhouses of the Jardins suspendus (Fort de Sainte-Adresse), Le Havre, Normandy

Collection Greenhouses of the Jardins suspendus (Fort de Sainte-Adresse)

🇫🇷 Le Havre, Normandy
In the courtyard of a Second Empire fort, 3,000 m² of collection greenhouses hold, among much else, more than 430 begonia varieties.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses of the Jardin du Luxembourg (Senate greenhouses), Paris 6th arrondissement, Île-de-France
1796 (greenhouses on the site); 1999 (orchid, begonia and croton house)

Greenhouses of the Jardin du Luxembourg (Senate greenhouses)

🇫🇷 Paris 6th arrondissement, Île-de-France
An orchid collection founded in 1838 and grown by the French Senate in a house of seven 'chapels', each with its own climate.
FranceView entry →
1843 (Dutch-style greenhouse); 2007 (large glasshouse)

Greenhouses of the University of Turin Botanical Garden (Orto Botanico)

🇮🇹 Turin, Piedmont
A Dutch-style greenhouse of 1843, once fitted with heating, hotbeds and a reservoir tank, now shelters orchids and other rainforest plants.
ItalyView entry →
2008 (rebuild of a 19th-century greenhouse demolished in 1958)

Tepidarium of the University of Catania Botanical Garden (Orto Botanico)

🇮🇹 Catania, Sicily
Supplied by a Paris firm and likened to Palermo's glasshouse, the great greenhouse demolished in 1958 was rebuilt in 2008.
ItalyView entry →
Casa delle Farfalle (Butterfly House), Bordano, Bordano, Friuli-Venezia Giulia
2003

Casa delle Farfalle (Butterfly House), Bordano

🇮🇹 Bordano, Friuli-Venezia Giulia
In a village levelled by the 1976 earthquake, three tropical greenhouses of about 1,000 m² hold more than a thousand free-flying butterflies.
ItalyView entry →
Botania, Joensuu Botanical Garden (Taidepuutarha Botania), Joensuu, North Karelia
1985

Botania, Joensuu Botanical Garden (Taidepuutarha Botania)

🇫🇮 Joensuu, North Karelia
Bought in 2018 by light artist Kari Kola, this former university garden hosts what it calls the world's northernmost tropical butterfly garden.
FinlandView entry →
2015

Conservatory of the National Botanic Garden of Latvia (Oranžērija)

🇱🇻 Salaspils, Salaspils Municipality
Opened in 2015 with €3.4 million of EU funding, the conservatory displays over 2,100 taxa in four halls with different climates.
LatviaView entry →
Glasshouses and Palm House of the University of Wrocław Botanical Garden (Ogród Botaniczny UWr), Wrocław, Lower Silesia
1823–1907 · new palm house under construction

Glasshouses and Palm House of the University of Wrocław Botanical Garden (Ogród Botaniczny UWr)

🇵🇱 Wrocław, Lower Silesia
Closed in 2006 and demolished in 2013, the palm house first built in 1823 is being reborn as a 13-metre, triple-glazed glasshouse.
PolandView entry →
Glasshouses and Orangery of the University of Warsaw Botanic Garden (Ogród Botaniczny UW), Warsaw, Masovia
Orangery from the second half of the 18th century; palm house 2005

Glasshouses and Orangery of the University of Warsaw Botanic Garden (Ogród Botaniczny UW)

🇵🇱 Warsaw, Masovia
An orangery from the reign of Stanisław August, a former "trebhauz" for forcing plants, stands beside a palm house opened in 2005.
PolandView entry →
"Zielony Raj" Orangery, Polish Academy of Sciences Botanical Garden (Powsin), Warsaw (Powsin), Masovia
2001–2003

"Zielony Raj" Orangery, Polish Academy of Sciences Botanical Garden (Powsin)

🇵🇱 Warsaw (Powsin), Masovia
Named "Zielony Raj" (Green Paradise) by public vote, it holds Poland's largest citrus collection.
PolandView entry →
Avery Hill Winter Garden, Eltham, London (Greenwich)
1889

Avery Hill Winter Garden

🇬🇧 Eltham, London (Greenwich)
It is described as the second-largest Victorian glasshouse in the United Kingdom, after the Temperate House at Kew.
United KingdomView entry →
Palm House (Butterfly House), Williamson Park, Lancaster, Lancashire
c. 1909

Palm House (Butterfly House), Williamson Park

🇬🇧 Lancaster, Lancashire
Paid for by Lord Ashton opposite the Ashton Memorial, this Edwardian palm house is now a tropical butterfly house.
United KingdomView entry →
Main Range glasshouses, Glasgow Botanic Gardens, Glasgow, Scotland
1883–1884

Main Range glasshouses, Glasgow Botanic Gardens

🇬🇧 Glasgow, Scotland
Eleven glasshouse compartments in a row hold one of the most extensive begonia collections in the world.
United KingdomView entry →
The Orangery, Lyme Park, Disley, Cheshire
1815 · interior altered 1862

The Orangery, Lyme Park

🇬🇧 Disley, Cheshire
An orangery of 1815 warmed by underfloor heating that used waste heat from the estate's brewhouse and laundry.
United KingdomView entry →
1985

Show Glasshouses of the Kiel University Botanical Garden (Schaugewächshäuser)

🇩🇪 Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein
One of the largest publicly accessible glasshouse complexes in northern Germany, led by a tropical house some 18 metres high.
GermanyView entry →
Glasshouses of the Jena Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten Jena), Jena, Thuringia
1969-1983

Glasshouses of the Jena Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten Jena)

🇩🇪 Jena, Thuringia
The glasshouses of Germany's second-oldest botanical garden, founded in 1586 and for decades overseen by Goethe.
GermanyView entry →
Regenwaldhaus (Rainforest House), Osnabrück University Botanical Garden, Osnabrück, Lower Saxony
1998

Regenwaldhaus (Rainforest House), Osnabrück University Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Osnabrück, Lower Saxony
A 21-metre glasshouse built against the rock face of a former quarry, with walkways that lead up into the canopy.
GermanyView entry →
Glasshouses and Victoriahaus of the Leipzig University Botanical Garden, Leipzig, Saxony
1876; 1999-2000

Glasshouses and Victoriahaus of the Leipzig University Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Leipzig, Saxony
Its 1876 Victoria house is the only original house of its kind left in Germany and the third oldest of the five that survive.
GermanyView entry →
1977

Show Glasshouses of the Marburg Botanical Garden (Lahnberge)

🇩🇪 Marburg, Hesse
A cluster of themed glasshouses, led by a 12-metre-high tropical house, at the heart of a 20-hectare university garden.
GermanyView entry →
Glasshouses of the Botanical Garden of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate
1948-1954

Glasshouses of the Botanical Garden of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

🇩🇪 Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate
A post-war glasshouse range whose 1954 'Verbinder' is still the tallest house, joined in 2025 by two new houses for desert plants.
GermanyView entry →
2003

'Pflanzenwelt unter Glas', Augsburg Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Augsburg, Bavaria
A glass cube of 2003 that wraps around the steel frame of the garden's octagonal Victoria regia house, built in 1937.
GermanyView entry →

Glasshouses and Orangery of the Münster Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia
Below Münster's palace, a listed classical orangery of 1840 stands beside ten glasshouses rebuilt after wartime destruction.
GermanyView entry →
1973-1976

Sera de expoziție (Exhibition Greenhouse), Dimitrie Brândză Botanical Garden

🇷🇴 Bucharest
Eight compartments, from an 18-metre palm pavilion to an orchid house, gather the warm-climate floras of the world on 2,500 m².
RomaniaView entry →
Cactus Exhibition Greenhouse, University Botanical Garden Balchik, Balchik, Dobrich Province
2012

Cactus Exhibition Greenhouse, University Botanical Garden Balchik

🇧🇬 Balchik, Dobrich Province
Its cacti and succulents make up what the garden describes as Europe's second-largest such collection, after Monaco's.
BulgariaView entry →
Nineteenth-Century Greenhouses of the Orto Botanico of Padua (Serre ottocentesche), Padua, Veneto
1808-1814

Nineteenth-Century Greenhouses of the Orto Botanico of Padua (Serre ottocentesche)

🇮🇹 Padua, Veneto
Designed in 1804 for the oldest university botanical garden still on its original site, they were brought back to life in 2019.
ItalyView entry →
2006-2007

Collodi Butterfly House (Casa delle Farfalle), Garzoni Garden

🇮🇹 Collodi (province of Pistoia), Tuscany
A structural-glass prism holding some 5,000 tropical butterflies, set on the site of the old greenhouses of a Tuscan baroque garden.
ItalyView entry →
1936

Orangery of the Lobachevsky University Botanical Garden (Botanichesky Sad NNGU)

🇷🇺 Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
A southern magnolia raised from seeds given by Nikolai Vavilov has grown here since 1936, the orangery's very first year.
RussiaView entry →
Orangery of the Samara University Botanical Garden (Botanichesky Sad), Samara, Samara Oblast
1935-1936

Orangery of the Samara University Botanical Garden (Botanichesky Sad)

🇷🇺 Samara, Samara Oblast
At 1,200 m² it is billed as the largest orangery on the Middle Volga, and nearly a third of its plants are threatened species.
RussiaView entry →
Palm House of the University of Pécs Botanical Garden (PTE Botanikus Kert), Pécs, Baranya County
1953-1954

Palm House of the University of Pécs Botanical Garden (PTE Botanikus Kert)

🇭🇺 Pécs, Baranya County
A palm house sunk halfway into the ground to save money in 1953–1954, where palms now reach 10 to 12 metres.
HungaryView entry →
Sosnowiec Egzotarium (Ecological Education Centre), Sosnowiec, Silesian Voivodeship
2023

Sosnowiec Egzotarium (Ecological Education Centre)

🇵🇱 Sosnowiec, Silesian Voivodeship
A glass hall more than 22 metres high, opened in 2023 on the site of the 1956 exotarium, halfway between botanic garden and zoo.
PolandView entry →
1869

Tropische Kas, Beetsterzwaag (Lycklamahûs glasshouses)

🇳🇱 Beetsterzwaag (Opsterland), Friesland
An 1869 lean-to vinery and a 1930 tropical house, kept by some fifty volunteers at the back of a Frisian gentry garden.
NetherlandsView entry →
Glasshouses of the University of Fribourg Botanical Garden, Fribourg, Canton of Fribourg
1939

Glasshouses of the University of Fribourg Botanical Garden

🇨🇭 Fribourg, Canton of Fribourg
The large tropical house of 1939 went up barely two years after the founding of Switzerland's youngest university botanical garden.
SwitzerlandView entry →
1984

Pantropica (formerly Orchideeën Hoeve)

🇳🇱 Luttelgeest (Noordoostpolder), Flevoland
A former orchid nursery turned into a 25,000 m² covered tropical park where more than 2,000 butterflies fly.
NetherlandsView entry →
Plantehuset, the Muséhagen glasshouse (University of Bergen), Bergen, Vestland
1901

Plantehuset, the Muséhagen glasshouse (University of Bergen)

🇳🇴 Bergen, Vestland
A glasshouse delivered complete from Breslau in 1901 and donated by Conrad Mohr to the Bergen Museum's botanical garden.
NorwayView entry →
Fjärilshuset Haga Ocean (Haga trädgård glasshouses), Solna, Stockholm County
1989

Fjärilshuset Haga Ocean (Haga trädgård glasshouses)

🇸🇪 Solna, Stockholm County
Free-flying tropical butterflies in the glasshouses of a former royal kitchen garden founded by Gustav III in 1785.
SwedenView entry →
Victorian Conservatory, Wentworth Castle Gardens, Stainborough, Barnsley (South Yorkshire)
1885

Victorian Conservatory, Wentworth Castle Gardens

🇬🇧 Stainborough, Barnsley (South Yorkshire)
Lit by electricity as early as 1886, it was among the first places in Britain to have electric light, ahead of Buckingham Palace.
United KingdomView entry →
The Orangery, Belton House, Belton, near Grantham (Lincolnshire)
1821

The Orangery, Belton House

🇬🇧 Belton, near Grantham (Lincolnshire)
Jeffry Wyatville's design was shown at the Royal Academy in 1811, a decade before the orangery was finally built.
United KingdomView entry →
The Orangery (Palm House), Castle Ashby Gardens, Castle Ashby, near Northampton (Northamptonshire)
1871-1872

The Orangery (Palm House), Castle Ashby Gardens

🇬🇧 Castle Ashby, near Northampton (Northamptonshire)
Beneath its octagonal glass dome, a large central pool holds more than a hundred fish and a wealth of water lilies.
United KingdomView entry →
Tropical House, Ventnor Botanic Garden, Ventnor, Isle of Wight
1986-1987

Tropical House, Ventnor Botanic Garden

🇬🇧 Ventnor, Isle of Wight
Visitors enter through a mock derelict mineshaft that opens into the humid heat of a tropical rainforest.
United KingdomView entry →
Tropicarium, Tübingen University Botanical Garden, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg
1969

Tropicarium, Tübingen University Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg
Six glass hexagons of different heights, carried on one concrete column, recall the flower umbels of cow parsley.
GermanyView entry →
New Orangery, Royal Garden of Prague Castle (Nová oranžerie), Prague, Hradčany
1999-2001

New Orangery, Royal Garden of Prague Castle (Nová oranžerie)

🇨🇿 Prague, Hradčany
A glass and stainless-steel tube nearly 90 metres long, designed by Eva Jiřičná against the Renaissance wall of the Royal Garden.
Czech RepublicView entry →
1835

Fig House (Fíkovna), Lysice Château

🇨🇿 Lysice, South Moravian Region
An 1835 fig house whose glazed roof rolls away on rails into the slope behind it, the only working example left in the Czech Republic.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Darwineum Tropical Hall (Tropenhalle), Rostock Zoo, Rostock, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
2012

Darwineum Tropical Hall (Tropenhalle), Rostock Zoo

🇩🇪 Rostock, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Beneath more than 3,000 m² of ETFE cushions, the Darwineum's tropical hall is home to Rostock Zoo's gorillas and orangutans.
GermanyView entry →
Sukkulenten-Sammlung Zürich (Zurich Succulent Plant Collection), Zurich, Canton of Zurich
1947-1948

Sukkulenten-Sammlung Zürich (Zurich Succulent Plant Collection)

🇨🇭 Zurich, Canton of Zurich
On the shore of Lake Zurich, a set of municipal glasshouses holds one of the world's largest specialist collections of succulent plants.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Glasshouses of the TU Dresden Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten der TU Dresden), Dresden, Saxony
1975-1981

Glasshouses of the TU Dresden Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten der TU Dresden)

🇩🇪 Dresden, Saxony
Wrecked by the bombing of February 1945, the glasshouses of Dresden's botanical garden were rebuilt between 1975 and 1981 beside the Großer Garten.
GermanyView entry →
Glasshouses of the Erlangen Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten Erlangen), Erlangen, Bavaria
1964

Glasshouses of the Erlangen Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten Erlangen)

🇩🇪 Erlangen, Bavaria
On the north side of Erlangen's Schlossgarten, a 1960s glasshouse complex sets lowland and montane rainforest beside mangroves and cacti.
GermanyView entry →
Educational Greenhouses of the Tourcoing Botanical Garden, Tourcoing, Hauts-de-France
2009

Educational Greenhouses of the Tourcoing Botanical Garden

🇫🇷 Tourcoing, Hauts-de-France
Eight teaching greenhouses, four cool and four warm, in the garden bequeathed to Tourcoing by wool spinner Émile Leplat.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses of Planet Exotica (formerly Parc des Jardins du Monde), Royan, Nouvelle-Aquitaine

Greenhouses of Planet Exotica (formerly Parc des Jardins du Monde)

🇫🇷 Royan, Nouvelle-Aquitaine
A tropical house of over 800 m² where banana plants, orchids and tillandsias share the space with reptiles in terrariums.
FranceView entry →
Glashaus (Tropical Glasshouse), Gardens of Trauttmansdorff Castle, Merano (Meran), South Tyrol

Glashaus (Tropical Glasshouse), Gardens of Trauttmansdorff Castle

🇮🇹 Merano (Meran), South Tyrol
A contemporary glasshouse whose jagged outline echoes the peaks of the Texel Group, with a leafcutter-ant colony on show in a display case.
ItalyView entry →
1993

Tropical Greenhouse (Serra tropicale), Angelo Rambelli Botanical Garden, University of Tuscia

🇮🇹 Viterbo, Lazio
A greenhouse of almost 200 m² kept at 80-85% humidity, in a garden beside the sulphurous Bulicame thermal spring.
ItalyView entry →
Flower Garden and Melon Yard glasshouses (Lost Gardens of Heligan), Pentewan, near St Austell (Cornwall)

Flower Garden and Melon Yard glasshouses (Lost Gardens of Heligan)

🇬🇧 Pentewan, near St Austell (Cornwall)
Heligan describes the pineapple pit in its Melon Yard as the only working manure-heated pineapple pit left in the UK.
United KingdomView entry →
The Living Rainforest, Hampstead Norreys, near Newbury (Berkshire)
1993

The Living Rainforest

🇬🇧 Hampstead Norreys, near Newbury (Berkshire)
The glasshouses of a once-renowned orchid nursery, turned into a rainforest home for sloths, pygmy marmosets and dwarf caimans.
United KingdomView entry →
Glasshouses, Chelsea Physic Garden, Chelsea, London (Kensington and Chelsea)
1902

Glasshouses, Chelsea Physic Garden

🇬🇧 Chelsea, London (Kensington and Chelsea)
Founded in 1673, the garden is thought to have had England's first heated glasshouse; its 1902 teak glasshouses reopened in 2023.
United KingdomView entry →
Glasshouses, Winterbourne House and Garden, Edgbaston, Birmingham (West Midlands)
1903

Glasshouses, Winterbourne House and Garden

🇬🇧 Edgbaston, Birmingham (West Midlands)
A 1903 lean-to glasshouse, rebuilt in 2006, in the walled garden of an Arts and Crafts villa that became a university botanic garden.
United KingdomView entry →

Vijversburg Orangery (cactus house)

🇳🇱 Tytsjerk (Tytsjerksteradiel), Friesland
A glass-roofed Frisian orangery that now serves as a volunteer-run cactus house, open on summer Sundays.
NetherlandsView entry →
1898

Legnica Palm House (Palmiarnia Legnicka)

🇵🇱 Legnica, Lower Silesia
The second palm house in Silesia after Wrocław's, it received its first plants from Bordighera on the Italian Riviera in 1898.
PolandView entry →
Ascog Hall Victorian Fernery, Ascog, Isle of Bute (Argyll and Bute), Scotland
c. 1870 (restored 1995–1997)

Ascog Hall Victorian Fernery

🇬🇧 Ascog, Isle of Bute (Argyll and Bute), Scotland
A Todea barbara fern, already called a thousand years old in 1879, is the sole survivor of this sunken glasshouse's original collection.
United KingdomView entry →
The Conservatory, Pavilion Gardens, Buxton, Derbyshire
1870–1871 (tropical house since 1982)

The Conservatory, Pavilion Gardens

🇬🇧 Buxton, Derbyshire
Designed in 1870 as a small concert hall with a stage and an organ, this cast-iron glasshouse has held tropical plants and a fish pond since 1982.
United KingdomView entry →
The Conservatory, Alton Towers Gardens, Alton (Farley), Staffordshire
c. 1824 (restored 2017)

The Conservatory, Alton Towers Gardens

🇬🇧 Alton (Farley), Staffordshire
Seven glazed cast-iron domes with pineapple finials crown this stone conservatory, built around 1824 for the 15th Earl of Shrewsbury.
United KingdomView entry →
The Orangery, Sezincote, Sezincote, near Moreton-in-Marsh (Gloucestershire)
1800-1805

The Orangery, Sezincote

🇬🇧 Sezincote, near Moreton-in-Marsh (Gloucestershire)
A quarter-circle Mughal-style orangery with a glass roof and fifteen pointed arches, ending in an octagonal former aviary.
United KingdomView entry →
Cantonspark Wintertuin (Winter Garden), Baarn, Utrecht province
1914-1915

Cantonspark Wintertuin (Winter Garden)

🇳🇱 Baarn, Utrecht province
Built in 1914-1915 for a merchant who made his fortune in the Dutch East Indies, it is one of the oldest surviving botanical glasshouses in the Netherlands.
NetherlandsView entry →
Greenhouse Complex of the “Anastasie Fătu” Botanical Garden (Complexul de sere), Iași, Iași County
1974 (Palmarium)

Greenhouse Complex of the “Anastasie Fătu” Botanical Garden (Complexul de sere)

🇷🇴 Iași, Iași County
A 5,500 m² greenhouse complex crowned by a circular, 17-metre-high Palmarium built in 1974.
RomaniaView entry →
Orientarium, Łódź Zoo (Orientarium Zoo Łódź), Łódź, Łódź Voivodeship
2022

Orientarium, Łódź Zoo (Orientarium Zoo Łódź)

🇵🇱 Łódź, Łódź Voivodeship
South-East Asian jungle halls beneath ETFE cushions carried by a timber roof structure spanning up to 50 metres.
PolandView entry →
2010

Green Pyramid, Nyíregyháza Zoo (Zöld Piramis: Esőerdőház és Óceanárium)

🇭🇺 Nyíregyháza (Sóstó), Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County
A rainforest hall under a dome of ETFE cushions, set above a 500,000-litre oceanarium crossed by a glazed corridor.
HungaryView entry →
1961

Porrentruy Botanical Garden Greenhouses (JURASSICA)

🇨🇭 Porrentruy, Canton of Jura
Opened in 1961, these Jura glasshouses hold between 500 and 600 cactus species and more than 450 species of Tillandsia.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Napoleon III Greenhouse, Jardin des plantes d'Amiens, Amiens, Hauts-de-France
1895

Napoleon III Greenhouse, Jardin des plantes d'Amiens

🇫🇷 Amiens, Hauts-de-France
Set on piles in former marshland, this greenhouse with a central palm house has a glass roof of panes overlapping like fish scales.
FranceView entry →
Orangery of the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute (Oranzhereya YuUBSI), Ufa, Bashkortostan

Orangery of the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute (Oranzhereya YuUBSI)

🇷🇺 Ufa, Bashkortostan
A banana plant has broken the roof glazing several times and has to be cut back, which stops it from fruiting.
RussiaView entry →

Orangeries of the Southern Federal University Botanical Garden (Oranzherei Botanicheskogo Sada YuFU)

🇷🇺 Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast
Four glasshouses covering 1,064 m² hold the largest collection of tropical and subtropical plants in southern Russia.
RussiaView entry →
Tropenhaus and display glasshouses of the Solingen Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten Solingen), Solingen, North Rhine-Westphalia
1965

Tropenhaus and display glasshouses of the Solingen Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten Solingen)

🇩🇪 Solingen, North Rhine-Westphalia
Opened in 1965 and listed as a monument with the whole garden in 2010, Solingen's Tropenhaus reopened in 2023 under new glazing.
GermanyView entry →
Greenhouse for Tropical Crops, Witzenhausen (Gewächshaus für tropische Nutzpflanzen, University of Kassel), Witzenhausen, Hesse
1965-1966

Greenhouse for Tropical Crops, Witzenhausen (Gewächshaus für tropische Nutzpflanzen, University of Kassel)

🇩🇪 Witzenhausen, Hesse
Begun in 1902 for the German Colonial School, Witzenhausen's collection of tropical crops has filled a 1,200 m² glasshouse since 1966.
GermanyView entry →
Display glasshouses (Tropenhaus) of the University of Würzburg Botanical Garden, Würzburg, Bavaria

Display glasshouses (Tropenhaus) of the University of Würzburg Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Würzburg, Bavaria
In Würzburg's botanical garden, founded in 1696, the tropical house leads visitors round six habitats, from lowland forest to the arid lands of Madagascar.
GermanyView entry →
2008

Terre de Dragons Tropical Dome (formerly Planète des Crocodiles)

🇫🇷 Civaux, Nouvelle-Aquitaine
An 82-metre tropical dome heated with cooling water from the neighbouring nuclear power station.
FranceView entry →

Tropical Greenhouse of the Bourgailh Ecosite

🇫🇷 Pessac, Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Heated for five years with biogas from the old landfill beside it, it holds 3,500 plants donated by a horticulturist.
FranceView entry →
2025

Horizon Afrique Tropical House, Mulhouse Zoological and Botanical Park

🇫🇷 Mulhouse, Grand Est
Opened in 2025, a tropical house roofed with ETFE cushions where pygmy hippos share the space with free-flying birds.
FranceView entry →
Greenhouses of the Faculty of Tropical Agriculture Botanical Garden (ČZU, Suchdol), Prague, Suchdol
1968

Greenhouses of the Faculty of Tropical Agriculture Botanical Garden (ČZU, Suchdol)

🇨🇿 Prague, Suchdol
Some 2,000 species of useful tropical and subtropical plants and a national collection of 164 citrus, in a Prague faculty's greenhouses.
Czech RepublicView entry →
The Glasshouse, Clumber Park Walled Kitchen Garden, Clumber Park, near Worksop (Nottinghamshire)
1910

The Glasshouse, Clumber Park Walled Kitchen Garden

🇬🇧 Clumber Park, near Worksop (Nottinghamshire)
At 137 metres, it is the longest glasshouse anywhere in the care of the National Trust.
United KingdomView entry →
Winter Gardens, Sunderland Museum and Winter Gardens, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear (England)
2001

Winter Gardens, Sunderland Museum and Winter Gardens

🇬🇧 Sunderland, Tyne and Wear (England)
Its Victorian predecessor, modelled on the Crystal Palace, was wrecked by a mine in 1941; a glass rotunda took its place in 2001.
United KingdomView entry →
Glasshouses, University of Bristol Botanic Garden, Stoke Bishop, Bristol (England)
2005–2006

Glasshouses, University of Bristol Botanic Garden

🇬🇧 Stoke Bishop, Bristol (England)
The first university botanic garden created in the UK for nearly forty years, with a glasshouse where the giant water lily flowers.
United KingdomView entry →
Tropenhaus Kleve (Rhine-Waal University tropical greenhouse), Kleve, North Rhine-Westphalia
2012

Tropenhaus Kleve (Rhine-Waal University tropical greenhouse)

🇩🇪 Kleve, North Rhine-Westphalia
A university glasshouse whose banana plants have yielded more than 850 kg of fruit since 2013, beside Kleve's former harbour.
GermanyView entry →
Tropical House and Cactus House, Inverness Botanic Gardens, Inverness, Highland, Scotland
1993

Tropical House and Cactus House, Inverness Botanic Gardens

🇬🇧 Inverness, Highland, Scotland
At the UK's most northerly botanic garden, a tropical house with a waterfall and koi pool leads straight into a cactus house.
United KingdomView entry →
1939

Palmkas (palm house) of Hortus Overzee

🇳🇱 Den Helder, North Holland
A 1939 palm house built to overwinter the town's street plants, still keeping parts stamped with the Krupp name.
NetherlandsView entry →
Estepona Orchidarium (Orquidario de Estepona), Estepona, Andalusia
2015

Estepona Orchidarium (Orquidario de Estepona)

🇪🇸 Estepona, Andalusia
Three glass domes, the tallest rising 30 m, shelter more than 1,300 orchid species in the old town of Estepona.
SpainView entry →
Greenhouses of the Botanical Garden, Queluz National Palace (Jardim das Estufas), Queluz, Sintra
1769–1780 (rebuilt 2017)

Greenhouses of the Botanical Garden, Queluz National Palace (Jardim das Estufas)

🇵🇹 Queluz, Sintra
Four iron-and-glass greenhouses, rebuilt on their eighteenth-century foundations, once again grow pineapples at Queluz.
PortugalView entry →
Monsoon Forest (Chester Zoo, Islands), Chester (Upton-by-Chester), Cheshire
2015

Monsoon Forest (Chester Zoo, Islands)

🇬🇧 Chester (Upton-by-Chester), Cheshire
The UK's largest indoor zoo habitat, gutted by fire in 2018 and replanted with more than 2,600 new plants and trees.
United KingdomView entry →
Vine House, Audley End Kitchen Garden, Audley End, near Saffron Walden (Essex)

Vine House, Audley End Kitchen Garden

🇬🇧 Audley End, near Saffron Walden (Essex)
A 52-metre vine house, restored in the 1990s, where grapevines more than a century old are still grown.
United KingdomView entry →
Orangery and Hothouses, Ripley Castle Walled Garden, Ripley, near Harrogate (North Yorkshire)
1817-1818

Orangery and Hothouses, Ripley Castle Walled Garden

🇬🇧 Ripley, near Harrogate (North Yorkshire)
Its gardeners grew bananas, papayas and pineapples here, and one pineapple variety, 'Ripley Queen', still carries the estate's name.
United KingdomView entry →
Belleisle Conservatory, Ayr, South Ayrshire (Scotland)
1879

Belleisle Conservatory

🇬🇧 Ayr, South Ayrshire (Scotland)
Closed in 2005, this 1879 conservatory was rescued by a volunteer charity and reopened to the public in July 2016.
United KingdomView entry →
Yucatán Tropical Hall, Zlín Zoo (Tropická hala Yucatan), Zlín (Lešná), Zlín Region
2006

Yucatán Tropical Hall, Zlín Zoo (Tropická hala Yucatan)

🇨🇿 Zlín (Lešná), Zlín Region
Visitors enter this tropical glasshouse through a replica of the Nunnery of Chichén Itzá, leading into a Central American rainforest.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Exhibition Orangery of the Dnipro National University Botanical Garden (Ekspozytsiina oranzhereia), Dnipro, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
1975

Exhibition Orangery of the Dnipro National University Botanical Garden (Ekspozytsiina oranzhereia)

🇺🇦 Dnipro, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Its palms include a Canary Island date palm planted in 1926, half a century before the glasshouse itself came into use.
UkraineView entry →
1895

Historic Glasshouse of Valeč Château (historický skleník)

🇨🇿 Valeč, Karlovy Vary Region
A Viennese glasshouse with a 15-metre dome, dismantled in Vienna and re-erected in 1895 in the baroque park of Valeč.
Czech RepublicView entry →
Tropical House and glasshouses of the University of Vienna Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten der Universität Wien), Vienna, Landstraße (3rd district)
1890–1893

Tropical House and glasshouses of the University of Vienna Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten der Universität Wien)

🇦🇹 Vienna, Landstraße (3rd district)
Built in 1890–1893, the 17-house complex holds over half of the garden's species; only the central Tropical House is open to visitors.
AustriaView entry →
Show Glasshouses of the Freiburg Botanical Garden (Schaugewächshäuser, Botanischer Garten Freiburg), Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg
1970–1972

Show Glasshouses of the Freiburg Botanical Garden (Schaugewächshäuser, Botanischer Garten Freiburg)

🇩🇪 Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg
Fitted out from 2018 in the former subtropical house, the French Guiana house recreates a tidal mangrove complete with mudskippers.
GermanyView entry →
Orquidário dos Açores (Azores Orchid House), Faial Botanical Garden, Horta (Flamengos), Azores
2019

Orquidário dos Açores (Azores Orchid House), Faial Botanical Garden

🇵🇹 Horta (Flamengos), Azores
An island orchid house built to take in a Finnish family's gift of some 7,000 orchid plants.
PortugalView entry →
Butterfly Garden (Jardin des Papillons), Grevenmacher, Grevenmacher, Canton of Grevenmacher
1989

Butterfly Garden (Jardin des Papillons), Grevenmacher

🇱🇺 Grevenmacher, Canton of Grevenmacher
A 600 m² tropical greenhouse opened in 1989 and now run as a sheltered workshop for people with intellectual disabilities.
LuxembourgView entry →
Schloss Hof Orangery (Orangerie Schloss Hof), Engelhartstetten, Lower Austria
1729–1730

Schloss Hof Orangery (Orangerie Schloss Hof)

🇦🇹 Engelhartstetten, Lower Austria
A Baroque glasshouse of 1729–30 with what is described as Europe's largest continuous lead-glazed window front, warmed by underground hot air.
AustriaView entry →
Drieklimatenkas (Three-Climate Greenhouse), Hortus Botanicus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland
1993

Drieklimatenkas (Three-Climate Greenhouse), Hortus Botanicus Amsterdam

🇳🇱 Amsterdam, North Holland
The first public greenhouse in the Netherlands to be heated without gas, through a heat-and-cold exchange with the neighbouring H'ART Museum.
NetherlandsView entry →
1995

Historic greenhouses of the Westlands Museum (Westlands Museum voor Streek- en Tuinbouwhistorie)

🇳🇱 Honselersdijk, South Holland
A museum garden where old greenhouses, salvaged from across the Westland, tell the story of the Netherlands' 'glass city'.
NetherlandsView entry →
1982

Greenhouses of the Historische Tuin Aalsmeer (historic horticultural garden)

🇳🇱 Aalsmeer, North Holland
Rose houses, a 1935 pot-plant house and a 1965 wide-span house trace the rise of flower growing south of Amsterdam.
NetherlandsView entry →
The Conservative Wall ("The Case"), Chatsworth, Chatsworth, near Bakewell (Derbyshire)
1848–1850

The Conservative Wall ("The Case"), Chatsworth

🇬🇧 Chatsworth, near Bakewell (Derbyshire)
Two 'Captain Rawes' camellias planted in 1850 still grow behind the glazing that Joseph Paxton fitted to this heated wall.
United KingdomView entry →
Samuel Wyatt Vinery, Holkham Walled Garden, Holkham, North Norfolk (Norfolk)
1780

Samuel Wyatt Vinery, Holkham Walled Garden

🇬🇧 Holkham, North Norfolk (Norfolk)
Designed by Samuel Wyatt in 1780, this brick and Coade stone vinery came off the national Heritage at Risk Register in 2022.
United KingdomView entry →
Benalmádena Butterfly Park (Mariposario de Benalmádena, now Monowa), Benalmádena, Andalusia
2011

Benalmádena Butterfly Park (Mariposario de Benalmádena, now Monowa)

🇪🇸 Benalmádena, Andalusia
A Thai-style butterfly house whose glazed tropical garden of over 900 m² holds up to 2,000 free-flying butterflies.
SpainView entry →
Drago Butterfly Park (Mariposario del Drago), Icod de los Vinos, Tenerife (Canary Islands)
1997

Drago Butterfly Park (Mariposario del Drago)

🇪🇸 Icod de los Vinos, Tenerife (Canary Islands)
A glazed tropical garden beside Icod's famous Drago Milenario, where more than 800 exotic butterflies fly freely.
SpainView entry →
Orangeries of the Saint Petersburg State University Botanical Garden (Botanichesky Sad SPbGU), Saint Petersburg, Vasilyevsky Island
1870

Orangeries of the Saint Petersburg State University Botanical Garden (Botanichesky Sad SPbGU)

🇷🇺 Saint Petersburg, Vasilyevsky Island
Its great palm house, said to be the tallest in Saint Petersburg, shelters plants that lived through the Siege of Leningrad.
RussiaView entry →
Alfred-Brehm-Haus (Tierpark Berlin), Berlin (Friedrichsfelde)
1956-1963

Alfred-Brehm-Haus (Tierpark Berlin)

🇩🇪 Berlin (Friedrichsfelde)
Opened in 1963 as the world's largest big cat house, it is built around a tropical hall rising to 16 metres.
GermanyView entry →
Estufa Fría (cold greenhouse) of Parque Juan Carlos I, Madrid, Community of Madrid
1996

Estufa Fría (cold greenhouse) of Parque Juan Carlos I

🇪🇸 Madrid, Community of Madrid
An unheated 4,000 m² cold greenhouse whose climate relies on orientation, glazing and angled concrete louvres.
SpainView entry →
2010-2011

Przelewice Gardens Orangery (Oranżeria w Przelewicach)

🇵🇱 Przelewice, West Pomerania
A barn gutted by fire in 1997, whose surviving walls now carry a roof that is two-thirds glass and shelter a butterfly house.
PolandView entry →
The Crystal Palace (lost), Hyde Park, then Sydenham Hill, London
1851

The Crystal Palace (lost)

🇬🇧 Hyde Park, then Sydenham Hill, London
Built in five months for the Great Exhibition of 1851, it was glazed with 293,000 panes made by Chance Brothers of Smethwick.
United KingdomView entry →
Camellia House, Wentworth Woodhouse, Wentworth, Rotherham (South Yorkshire)
1738

Camellia House, Wentworth Woodhouse

🇬🇧 Wentworth, Rotherham (South Yorkshire)
Nineteen camellias, counted among the oldest in the Western world, survived in this Georgian pavilion rescued from dereliction.
United KingdomView entry →
Alligator Greenhouse (Serre aux alligators), Alligator Bay, Beauvoir, Normandy
2006

Alligator Greenhouse (Serre aux alligators), Alligator Bay

🇫🇷 Beauvoir, Normandy
Opened in 2006 near Mont-Saint-Michel, this 2,500 m² greenhouse holds what the park describes as the largest group of alligators in Europe.
FranceView entry →
Tropenhaus of the Haus des Meeres (Aqua Terra Zoo), Vienna (Mariahilf, Esterházypark)
2000

Tropenhaus of the Haus des Meeres (Aqua Terra Zoo)

🇦🇹 Vienna (Mariahilf, Esterházypark)
A tropical glasshouse clinging to the face of a former flak tower, where birds and marmosets move about freely.
AustriaView entry →
The Victorian Conservatory, Pearson Park, Kingston upon Hull (East Riding of Yorkshire)
1891

The Victorian Conservatory, Pearson Park

🇬🇧 Kingston upon Hull (East Riding of Yorkshire)
The third glasshouse on the same spot, this 185 m² replica follows the 1891 design and keeps cast-iron supports from its predecessor.
United KingdomView entry →
Afrykarium, Wrocław Zoo (Afrykarium-Oceanarium), Wrocław, Lower Silesia
2012-2014

Afrykarium, Wrocław Zoo (Afrykarium-Oceanarium)

🇵🇱 Wrocław, Lower Silesia
Beneath a UV-permeable ETFE roof, a Congo jungle where manatees and free-flying birds share dense tropical vegetation.
PolandView entry →
Cactus Orangery, Nikitsky Botanical Garden (Kaktusovaya oranzhereya), Nikita, near Yalta, Crimea
1995–1996

Cactus Orangery, Nikitsky Botanical Garden (Kaktusovaya oranzhereya)

🇺🇦 Nikita, near Yalta, Crimea
In the 1990s the collection was saved from the cold by wagonloads of coal received as payment for research on mine spoil heaps.
UkraineView entry →
Ulrich Greenhouses (Ogrody Ulricha, szklarnie Ulrichów), Warsaw (Wola), Masovia
1898–1899

Ulrich Greenhouses (Ogrody Ulricha, szklarnie Ulrichów)

🇵🇱 Warsaw (Wola), Masovia
The last glasshouses of a gardening dynasty that grew pineapples in Warsaw from 1835, reopened in 2022.
PolandView entry →
Limonaia del Castèl (Lake Garda lemon house), Limone sul Garda, Lombardy
Early 18th century · museum opened 2004

Limonaia del Castèl (Lake Garda lemon house)

🇮🇹 Limone sul Garda, Lombardy
An early 18th-century lemon house whose white pillars carried boards and glass panes from November to March.
ItalyView entry →
2017

Desert City (cactus greenhouse and garden)

🇪🇸 San Sebastián de los Reyes, Community of Madrid
A cactus greenhouse roofed with a double layer of ETFE cushions on tensioned cables, shortlisted for the 2018 FAD architecture awards.
SpainView entry →
Orangery of the Chernivtsi National University Botanical Garden (Botanichnyi Sad ChNU), Chernivtsi, Chernivtsi Oblast
1974

Orangery of the Chernivtsi National University Botanical Garden (Botanichnyi Sad ChNU)

🇺🇦 Chernivtsi, Chernivtsi Oblast
Commissioned in 1974, it has a single twin in Ukraine: the orangery of the Dnipro botanical garden, built to the same plans.
UkraineView entry →
Burgers' Mangrove (Royal Burgers' Zoo), Arnhem, Gelderland
2017

Burgers' Mangrove (Royal Burgers' Zoo)

🇳🇱 Arnhem, Gelderland
A 60-metre ETFE-clad dome shelters the world's largest indoor mangrove, complete with simulated tides and manatees.
NetherlandsView entry →
Willem-Alexander Pavilion (Keukenhof), Lisse, South Holland
1996

Willem-Alexander Pavilion (Keukenhof)

🇳🇱 Lisse, South Holland
Keukenhof's largest indoor space ends each season with what the park bills as the world's largest lily show.
NetherlandsView entry →
1874-1876

Victoria House (Victoriahuset, Tøyen Botanical Garden)

🇳🇴 Oslo
Built for the giant Victoria water lily, it drew some 12,000 people in two days to see the plant in flower in 1931.
NorwayView entry →
Liberty Greenhouses of Villa Visconti Borromeo Arese Litta (Serre Liberty), Lainate (Metropolitan City of Milan), Lombardy
1892-1898

Liberty Greenhouses of Villa Visconti Borromeo Arese Litta (Serre Liberty)

🇮🇹 Lainate (Metropolitan City of Milan), Lombardy
Two Liberty-style iron-and-glass greenhouses that keep a historic collection of more than 2,800 rare orchids.
ItalyView entry →
2002

Casa delle Farfalle (Butterfly House), Milano Marittima

🇮🇹 Milano Marittima, Cervia (Province of Ravenna), Emilia-Romagna
In the Cervia pinewood, a greenhouse of more than 500 m² where hundreds of tropical butterflies fly over a small lake.
ItalyView entry →
2018

Mesocosmo (Butterfly House), Natural History Museum of Salento

🇮🇹 Calimera (Province of Lecce), Apulia
A 630 m² rainforest cooled with groundwater, set in a holm-oak wood in the Salento peninsula.
ItalyView entry →
1893-1894

Palm Greenhouse of Kopidlno Château (palmový skleník)

🇨🇿 Kopidlno, Hradec Králové Region
A scaled-down echo of the Schönbrunn palm house, built in 1894 for Count Erwin Schlik and now tended by a horticultural school.
Czech RepublicView entry →
1820

Palm Greenhouse in the Opočno Château Park (palmový skleník)

🇨🇿 Opočno, Hradec Králové Region
Since 1820 this Empire-style greenhouse has overwintered the citrus, olive, palm and oleander trees that adorn the château in summer.
Czech RepublicView entry →
1879-1881

Palm Greenhouse in the Lány Château Park (palmový skleník)

🇨🇿 Lány, Central Bohemian Region
Marked for demolition in 1921, the Fürstenbergs' palm house was saved by Masaryk and Plečnik, who added a new wing in 1923.
Czech RepublicView entry →
1968–1982

Greenhouses of the “Vasile Fati” Botanical Garden, Jibou (Palmar and Acvariu)

🇷🇴 Jibou, Sălaj County
Two glass domes seen from afar, the Palmar and the Acvariu, shelter palms, banana plants and the giant water lily Victoria amazonica.
RomaniaView entry →
Mazel Greenhouses, La Bambouseraie en Cévennes (Prafrance), Générargues (near Anduze), Occitanie
1860

Mazel Greenhouses, La Bambouseraie en Cévennes (Prafrance)

🇫🇷 Générargues (near Anduze), Occitanie
Built in 1860 by Eugène Mazel for his most tender species, these glasshouses now hold tropical plants and temporary exhibitions.
FranceView entry →
Victorian Glasshouses, West Dean Gardens, West Dean, near Chichester (West Sussex)

Victorian Glasshouses, West Dean Gardens

🇬🇧 West Dean, near Chichester (West Sussex)
Thirteen Victorian glasshouses by Foster & Pearson, derelict until their restoration in the early 1990s, are still used to grow fruit and flowers.
United KingdomView entry →
Alexandra Park Conservatory, Oldham, Greater Manchester
1907

Alexandra Park Conservatory

🇬🇧 Oldham, Greater Manchester
Supplied by Messenger in 1907, this timber-and-glass conservatory reopened in 2023 after a £460,000 restoration.
United KingdomView entry →

Glasshouses, Singleton Botanical Gardens

🇬🇧 Swansea, Wales
Four landscaped glasshouses, tropical, temperate, economic and arid, replaced the wooden houses of the educational garden Swansea opened in 1926.
United KingdomView entry →
Display Glasshouses of the Botanischer Volkspark Blankenfelde-Pankow (Palm Tower and Cactus Tower), Berlin (Blankenfelde, Pankow district)
1928-1929

Display Glasshouses of the Botanischer Volkspark Blankenfelde-Pankow (Palm Tower and Cactus Tower)

🇩🇪 Berlin (Blankenfelde, Pankow district)
Two glass towers of 1928-1929 built for a Berlin school garden, where the 'Königin der Nacht' cactus bloomed for one night a year.
GermanyView entry →
Kamelienhaus (mobile glasshouse of the Pillnitz Camellia), Dresden (Pillnitz), Saxony
1992

Kamelienhaus (mobile glasshouse of the Pillnitz Camellia)

🇩🇪 Dresden (Pillnitz), Saxony
A 54-tonne glasshouse on rails, rolled every autumn over a camellia planted in 1801.
GermanyView entry →
Glaselefant (Glass Elephant) and Butterfly House, Maximilianpark, Hamm, North Rhine-Westphalia
1983-1984

Glaselefant (Glass Elephant) and Butterfly House, Maximilianpark

🇩🇪 Hamm, North Rhine-Westphalia
A 1902 coal washery turned into a 35-metre glass elephant, with a palm garden inside its head.
GermanyView entry →
Schmetterlingshaus (Butterfly House) in the Elbauenpark, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt
2000

Schmetterlingshaus (Butterfly House) in the Elbauenpark

🇩🇪 Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt
Opened in 2000 to revive the park of the 1999 Bundesgartenschau, a glass pavilion where hundreds of tropical butterflies fly.
GermanyView entry →
2018

Tropical Greenhouse of the Évreux Botanical Garden ("Le Cube")

🇫🇷 Évreux, Normandy
A 10 m glass cube designed by a local artist shelters more than 400 tropical plants in the former garden of Évreux's Capuchin friars.
FranceView entry →
1979

Tropiquarium de Servion (tropical greenhouse and Komodo dragon dome)

🇨🇭 Servion, Canton of Vaud
Born of a tropical bird greenhouse opened in 1979, the park has shown a pair of Komodo dragons under an 800 m² dome since 2014.
SwitzerlandView entry →
Fondovaya Orangery (Collections Orangery), Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, Moscow
1945–1953 (old); 2016 (new)

Fondovaya Orangery (Collections Orangery), Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden

🇷🇺 Moscow
Its founding collections came from Germany after the war: a first train of 48 wagons carried 10,660 tropical plants.
RussiaView entry →
1838

Winter Garden of the Vorontsov Palace (Zimniy sad Vorontsovskogo dvortsa)

🇺🇦 Alupka, Crimea
The only survivor of the original planting, a Ficus repens still climbs the walls of this winter garden created in 1838.
UkraineView entry →
Orchard House, Cragside Formal Garden, Rothbury (Northumberland)
1870s

Orchard House, Cragside Formal Garden

🇬🇧 Rothbury (Northumberland)
The last survivor of Lord Armstrong's glasshouses, it grew fruit trees in pots set on turntables so that every side could be turned to the sun.
United KingdomView entry →
Greenhouses of the Parc Emmanuel-Liais, Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, Normandy

Greenhouses of the Parc Emmanuel-Liais

🇫🇷 Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, Normandy
The two greenhouses of the scientist Emmanuel Liais, once head of Rio's imperial observatory, hold 4,000 varieties of rare plants.
FranceView entry →
2005

Oasi Rossi Butterfly House (Casa delle farfalle)

🇮🇹 Santorso (Province of Vicenza), Veneto
A climate-controlled greenhouse of more than 1,200 m² where tropical butterflies fly freely among visitors at the foot of Monte Summano.
ItalyView entry →
Charles Darwin's Greenhouse and Hothouse, Down House, Downe (Orpington), Greater London
1863

Charles Darwin's Greenhouse and Hothouse, Down House

🇬🇧 Downe (Orpington), Greater London
Darwin spent sixteen years here feeding sundews roast beef and boiled egg, the research behind his book Insectivorous Plants (1875).
United KingdomView entry →
Victorian Conservatory and Glasshouses, Ardgillan Castle, Balbriggan, County Dublin
1905

Victorian Conservatory and Glasshouses, Ardgillan Castle

🇮🇪 Balbriggan, County Dublin
Built in 1905 for the Jameson whiskey family at Seamount, Malahide, this conservatory was re-erected at Ardgillan in the mid-1990s.
IrelandView entry →
Palmimaja, Palmse Manor Palm House, Palmse, Lahemaa National Park
1870s

Palmimaja, Palmse Manor Palm House

🇪🇪 Palmse, Lahemaa National Park
A manor glasshouse of the 1870s: a palm hall set between a peach wing and a vine wing, last renovated in 2014–2015.
EstoniaView entry →
1997

Sommerlunden Tropical House (formerly Bornholm Butterfly Park)

🇩🇰 Nexø, Bornholm
A 1,000 m² glasshouse from a former Bornholm nursery, planted as a tropical forest where exotic butterflies fly free.
DenmarkView entry →
Tropenhaus am Rennsteig – Klein Eden (Tropical House), Kleintettau (Tettau), Bavaria
2011–2014

Tropenhaus am Rennsteig – Klein Eden (Tropical House)

🇩🇪 Kleintettau (Tettau), Bavaria
Papayas and star fruit grown in Upper Franconia, heated by the surplus process heat of a neighbouring glassworks.
GermanyView entry →
1977–1979

Display Glasshouses of the University of Innsbruck Botanical Garden (Schaugewächshäuser)

🇦🇹 Innsbruck (Hötting), Tyrol
A tropical house more than 12 m tall and a collection of 500 to 650 cactus species at Innsbruck's university botanical garden.
AustriaView entry →
Vlinders aan de Vliet (tropical butterfly garden), Leidschendam (Leidschendam-Voorburg), South Holland
2006

Vlinders aan de Vliet (tropical butterfly garden)

🇳🇱 Leidschendam (Leidschendam-Voorburg), South Holland
A former plant-growing greenhouse turned in two months into a jungle where at least 1,500 tropical butterflies fly.
NetherlandsView entry →
1997

Berkenhof Tropical Zoo (butterfly garden glasshouses)

🇳🇱 Kwadendamme (Langeweegje), Zeeland
Born of a fuchsia garden, a butterfly garden opened in 1997 in a small single-glazed greenhouse and grew into a tropical zoo.
NetherlandsView entry →
The Oasis (L'Oasis), Pairi Daiza's large greenhouse, Brugelette (Cambron-Casteau), Hainaut
2000

The Oasis (L'Oasis), Pairi Daiza's large greenhouse

🇧🇪 Brugelette (Cambron-Casteau), Hainaut
A giant 7,000 m² greenhouse whose roof opens in fine weather, where visitors eat lunch among the birds.
BelgiumView entry →
1984–1990

Ufa Lemonarium (Ufimsky Limonariy)

🇷🇺 Ufa, Bashkortostan
Russia's first attempt at growing lemons in the ground under glass: 1,300 trees here yield 20 to 22 tonnes of fruit a year.
RussiaView entry →
Great Yarmouth Winter Gardens, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk
1878–1881

Great Yarmouth Winter Gardens

🇬🇧 Great Yarmouth, Norfolk
Built in Torquay and shipped by barge to Norfolk, it is the last Victorian cast-iron and glass seaside winter garden in the country.
United KingdomView entry →
Tropical House, National Botanic Garden of Wales, Llanarthne, Carmarthenshire (Wales)
2004

Tropical House, National Botanic Garden of Wales

🇬🇧 Llanarthne, Carmarthenshire (Wales)
Designed by the Welsh-born architect John Belle, it recreates a tropical rainforest within the garden's Double Walled Garden.
United KingdomView entry →
Sammlungsgewächshaus (Collection Glasshouse), Hohenheim Gardens, Stuttgart-Hohenheim (Plieningen), Baden-Württemberg
2014

Sammlungsgewächshaus (Collection Glasshouse), Hohenheim Gardens

🇩🇪 Stuttgart-Hohenheim (Plieningen), Baden-Württemberg
Successor to a ducal pineapple house of 1789, it holds one of the largest begonia collections in Germany.
GermanyView entry →
2009–2011

Loki Schmidt Glasshouses (Loki-Schmidt-Gewächshäuser), University of Rostock Botanical Garden

🇩🇪 Rostock, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Inaugurated in May 2009 in the presence of Loki Schmidt, they replaced the old Doberaner Straße glasshouses, closed for disrepair.
GermanyView entry →
Logan Conservatory, Logan Botanic Garden, Port Logan, Dumfries and Galloway (Scotland)
2014

Logan Conservatory, Logan Botanic Garden

🇬🇧 Port Logan, Dumfries and Galloway (Scotland)
According to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, the first public glasshouse in the UK heated entirely by green energy.
United KingdomView entry →
1997

Tropical Glasshouses of the Ulm University Botanical Garden (Tropengewächshäuser)

🇩🇪 Ulm (Oberer Eselsberg), Baden-Württemberg
Two houses set the lowland rainforest, with cacao and vanilla, against the montane forest of tree ferns and epiphytes.
GermanyView entry →
Farmleigh House Conservatory, Castleknock (Phoenix Park), Dublin
1901–1902

Farmleigh House Conservatory

🇮🇪 Castleknock (Phoenix Park), Dublin
The conservatory of a Guinness mansion that became the Irish State's guest house, completely re-glazed by the OPW.
IrelandView entry →
North America (123)
Allan Gardens Conservatory (Palm House), Toronto, Ontario
1910

Allan Gardens Conservatory (Palm House)

🇨🇦 Toronto, Ontario
Rebuilt as a glass dome after fire reduced the original pavilion to ashes in 1902.
CanadaView entry →
Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory, Detroit, Michigan
1904

Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory

🇺🇸 Detroit, Michigan
The dome, originally timber-framed, was rebuilt in steel and aluminium in 1949 and reglazed in a renovation completed in 2024.
United StatesView entry →
Bloedel Conservatory, Vancouver, British Columbia
1969

Bloedel Conservatory

🇨🇦 Vancouver, British Columbia
A triodetic dome perched atop Vancouver, where more than 200 tropical birds fly free.
CanadaView entry →
Boettcher Memorial Tropical Conservatory, Denver, Colorado
1966

Boettcher Memorial Tropical Conservatory

🇺🇸 Denver, Colorado
Its interlocking concrete arches form a petrified forest before visitors even step inside the tropical conservatory.
United StatesView entry →
Buffalo and Erie County Botanical Gardens Conservatory, Buffalo, New York
1900

Buffalo and Erie County Botanical Gardens Conservatory

🇺🇸 Buffalo, New York
An extremely rare Victorian tri-domed conservatory by Lord & Burnham, set in the heart of South Park.
United StatesView entry →
Climatron, St. Louis, Missouri
1960

Climatron

🇺🇸 St. Louis, Missouri
The world's first geodesic dome to serve as a botanical greenhouse.
United StatesView entry →
Conservatoire de Longwood Gardens, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania
1921

Conservatoire de Longwood Gardens

🇺🇸 Kennett Square, Pennsylvania
The great conservatory of Pierre S. du Pont's estate, built to dazzle his guests.
United StatesView entry →
Conservatory of Flowers, San Francisco
1878–1879

Conservatory of Flowers

🇺🇸 San Francisco
Rebuilt plank by plank after the 1995 storm.
United StatesView entry →
Crystal Bridge Tropical Conservatory, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
1988

Crystal Bridge Tropical Conservatory

🇺🇸 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
A cylindrical glass tube spanning downtown Oklahoma City, between rainforest and desert.
United StatesView entry →
Desert Garden Conservatory, The Huntington, San Marino, California
1985

Desert Garden Conservatory, The Huntington

🇺🇸 San Marino, California
More than 2,200 cacti and succulents of 1,261 species and subspecies, sheltered at the heart of The Huntington's Desert Garden.
United StatesView entry →
Devonian Gardens, Calgary, Alberta
1977

Devonian Gardens

🇨🇦 Calgary, Alberta
Opened in 1977, this one-hectare glass-enclosed park fills a whole city block on the top floor of a downtown Calgary shopping centre.
CanadaView entry →
Dorothy Chapman Fuqua Conservatory, Atlanta, Georgia
1989

Dorothy Chapman Fuqua Conservatory

🇺🇸 Atlanta, Georgia
A pair of biomes under glass — rainforest and desert — at the heart of the Atlanta Botanical Garden.
United StatesView entry →
Enid A. Haupt Conservatory, Bronx, New York
1899–1902

Enid A. Haupt Conservatory

🇺🇸 Bronx, New York
Saved from demolition by a single philanthropic gift.
United StatesView entry →
Foellinger-Freimann Botanical Conservatory, Fort Wayne, Indiana
1983

Foellinger-Freimann Botanical Conservatory

🇺🇸 Fort Wayne, Indiana
More than 1,200 plants and 72 cactus varieties under glass, right in downtown Fort Wayne.
United StatesView entry →
Franklin Park Conservatory (John F. Wolfe Palm House), Columbus, Ohio
1895

Franklin Park Conservatory (John F. Wolfe Palm House)

🇺🇸 Columbus, Ohio
The only public botanical garden in the world with a signature permanent collection of Dale Chihuly glass.
United StatesView entry →
Garfield Park Conservatory, Chicago
1906–1908

Garfield Park Conservatory

🇺🇸 Chicago
Designed as a natural landscape, not a collection displayed in rows.
United StatesView entry →
Howard Peters Rawlings Conservatory, Baltimore, Maryland
1888

Howard Peters Rawlings Conservatory

🇺🇸 Baltimore, Maryland
The second-oldest public glass conservatory still standing in the United States.
United StatesView entry →
1985

JungleWorld

🇺🇸 Bronx Zoo, New York
Partly funded by a zoo patron, a barless Asian “jungle” opened in the Bronx in 1985.
United StatesView entry →
Krohn Conservatory, Cincinnati, Ohio
1933

Krohn Conservatory

🇺🇸 Cincinnati, Ohio
An Art Deco cathedral of glass nestled in Eden Park, with its indoor tropical waterfall.
United StatesView entry →
Lena Meijer Tropical Conservatory, Grand Rapids, Michigan
1995

Lena Meijer Tropical Conservatory

🇺🇸 Grand Rapids, Michigan
When it opened in 1995 it was billed as the largest tropical conservatory in Michigan.
United StatesView entry →
Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden Conservatory, Richmond, Virginia
2003 · expanded 2026

Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden Conservatory

🇺🇸 Richmond, Virginia
The 2003 conservatory nearly doubled in size in 2026 and now includes a permanent butterfly house.
United StatesView entry →
1992

Lied Jungle

🇺🇸 Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha
One of the largest indoor rainforests in the world, opened on April 4, 1992, for $15 million
United StatesView entry →
Lincoln Park Conservatory, Chicago, Illinois
1890–1895

Lincoln Park Conservatory

🇺🇸 Chicago, Illinois
Its fiddle-leaf rubber tree, planted in 1891, still rises beneath the glass roof today.
United StatesView entry →
Linnean House, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri
1882

Linnean House, Missouri Botanical Garden

🇺🇸 St. Louis, Missouri
The oldest continuously operating display greenhouse in the United States, devoted to camellias.
United StatesView entry →
Longwood Gardens West Conservatory, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania
2024

Longwood Gardens West Conservatory

🇺🇸 Kennett Square, Pennsylvania
The largest construction project in Longwood Gardens' history, with a roof and walls that open according to the weather.
United StatesView entry →
Lyman Plant House & Conservatory, Northampton, Massachusetts
1894–1895

Lyman Plant House & Conservatory

🇺🇸 Northampton, Massachusetts
Ten of the twelve houses making up the Lyman Conservatory are open to visitors; the other two are horticultural work spaces.
United StatesView entry →
Marjorie McNeely Conservatory, Saint Paul, Minnesota
1915

Marjorie McNeely Conservatory

🇺🇸 Saint Paul, Minnesota
One of the last great Victorian 'Crystal Palace' greenhouses still standing in the United States.
United StatesView entry →
Matthaei Botanical Gardens Conservatory, Ann Arbor, Michigan
1964

Matthaei Botanical Gardens Conservatory

🇺🇸 Ann Arbor, Michigan
Designed by Alden B. Dow, this campus conservatory is believed to be the largest university-run display greenhouse in the United States.
United StatesView entry →
Mitchell Park Horticultural Conservatory (The Domes), Milwaukee, Wisconsin
1964

Mitchell Park Horticultural Conservatory (The Domes)

🇺🇸 Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Three glass beehive domes, a modernist icon of Milwaukee, now under threat from age.
United StatesView entry →
Muttart Conservatory, Edmonton
1976

Muttart Conservatory

🇨🇦 Edmonton
Four tropical pyramids planted in a winter that reaches -30°C.
CanadaView entry →
Niagara Parks Butterfly Conservatory, Niagara Falls, Ontario
1996

Niagara Parks Butterfly Conservatory

🇨🇦 Niagara Falls, Ontario
More than 2,000 tropical butterflies fly freely beneath its glasshouse, replenished at a rate of 3,000 imported chrysalises each month.
CanadaView entry →
Phipps Conservatory, Pittsburgh
1893

Phipps Conservatory

🇺🇸 Pittsburgh
A gift to the city from steel magnate Henry Phipps.
United StatesView entry →
Serres d'exposition du Jardin botanique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec
1956

Serres d'exposition du Jardin botanique de Montréal

🇨🇦 Montreal, Quebec
Ten themed greenhouses tell the botanical story of the planet under one continuous ribbon of glass.
CanadaView entry →
Steinhardt Conservatory, Brooklyn, New York
1988

Steinhardt Conservatory

🇺🇸 Brooklyn, New York
Three octagonal glass pavilions and a 75-metre wing replaced Brooklyn Botanic Garden's ageing wooden greenhouses in 1988.
United StatesView entry →
The Leaf, Winnipeg, Manitoba
2022

The Leaf

🇨🇦 Winnipeg, Manitoba
An ETFE greenhouse-sculpture whose unfurled roof draws on the spiral of a nautilus shell.
CanadaView entry →
The RainForest, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland
1992

The RainForest

🇺🇸 Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland
An 8,100 m² glass-and-granite dome where a simulated tropical storm rumbles several times a day
United StatesView entry →
United States Botanic Garden, Washington, D.C.
Garden 1820 · greenhouse 1933

United States Botanic Garden

🇺🇸 Washington, D.C.
Born from a plant collection brought back by a Pacific expedition.
United StatesView entry →
Volunteer Park Conservatory, Seattle, Washington
1912

Volunteer Park Conservatory

🇺🇸 Seattle, Washington
A small Victorian Crystal Palace shipped "in kit form" in 1912, still standing on Capitol Hill.
United StatesView entry →
2003

Eleanor Armstrong Smith Glasshouse (Cleveland Botanical Garden)

🇺🇸 Cleveland, Ohio
A glasshouse shaped after quartz-crystal geometry, holding a Costa Rican cloud forest and Madagascar's spiny desert side by side.
United StatesView entry →
Desert Dome (Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium), Omaha, Nebraska
2002

Desert Dome (Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium)

🇺🇸 Omaha, Nebraska
A 70 m geodesic dome, billed as the world's largest glazed one, shelters three re-created deserts.
United StatesView entry →
Oak Park Conservatory, Oak Park, Illinois
1929

Oak Park Conservatory

🇺🇸 Oak Park, Illinois
An Edwardian-style glasshouse of 1929, saved from demolition in 1970 by residents who did not want to see it become a parking lot.
United StatesView entry →
Reiman Gardens Conservatory Complex (Hughes Conservatory and Christina Reiman Butterfly Wing), Ames, Iowa
2002

Reiman Gardens Conservatory Complex (Hughes Conservatory and Christina Reiman Butterfly Wing)

🇺🇸 Ames, Iowa
On the Iowa State University campus, a tropical wing kept at 27 °C can hold up to 800 butterflies of 80 species.
United StatesView entry →
Geodesic Conservatory, Greater Des Moines Botanical Garden (Botanical Center), Des Moines, Iowa
1979

Geodesic Conservatory, Greater Des Moines Botanical Garden (Botanical Center)

🇺🇸 Des Moines, Iowa
A geodesic dome of 665 Plexiglas panels, opened in 1979 on a former brickyard, shelters more than 1,000 tropical species.
United StatesView entry →
Corbin Conservatory (Stan Hywet Hall & Gardens), Akron, Ohio
1915 (rebuilt 2005)

Corbin Conservatory (Stan Hywet Hall & Gardens)

🇺🇸 Akron, Ohio
The Seiberling estate's glasshouse, damaged by a windstorm in 1947, was rebuilt to the original plans in 2005.
United StatesView entry →
Dorrance H. Hamilton Fernery, Morris Arboretum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1899

Dorrance H. Hamilton Fernery, Morris Arboretum

🇺🇸 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
The only freestanding Victorian fernery still standing in North America, with a schist grotto and waterfalls.
United StatesView entry →
Biltmore Estate Conservatory, Asheville, North Carolina
1895

Biltmore Estate Conservatory

🇺🇸 Asheville, North Carolina
Vanderbilt's estate conservatory, completed in 1895 at the foot of the walled garden, has a forty-foot palm room and more than five hundred orchids.
United StatesView entry →
Elizabeth Park Greenhouses (Sweetland-Patricelli Greenhouse Complex), Hartford and West Hartford, Connecticut
1898

Elizabeth Park Greenhouses (Sweetland-Patricelli Greenhouse Complex)

🇺🇸 Hartford and West Hartford, Connecticut
Lord & Burnham greenhouses from 1898 still in service, producing more than 180,000 plants a year for a municipal park's beds.
United StatesView entry →
Brookside Gardens Conservatory, Wheaton, Maryland
1969

Brookside Gardens Conservatory

🇺🇸 Wheaton, Maryland
Designed by the county's chief of horticulture because there was no budget for an architect, it opened with the garden on 13 July 1969.
United StatesView entry →
1903-1915

Sonnenberg Gardens Greenhouses (Palm House and Lord & Burnham complex)

🇺🇸 Canandaigua, New York
One of the few Lord & Burnham complexes left intact in the United States: twelve structures around a hollow square, with a domed palm house.
United StatesView entry →
Lyman Estate Greenhouses (The Vale), Waltham, Massachusetts
1804

Lyman Estate Greenhouses (The Vale)

🇺🇸 Waltham, Massachusetts
One of the oldest surviving greenhouse complexes in the United States: a grape house of 1804, a camellia house of about 1820 and vines from Hampton Court.
United StatesView entry →
Planting Fields Arboretum Greenhouses (Camellia Greenhouse and Main Greenhouse), Oyster Bay, New York
1914-1929

Planting Fields Arboretum Greenhouses (Camellia Greenhouse and Main Greenhouse)

🇺🇸 Oyster Bay, New York
A glasshouse built in 1917 for a camellia collection from Guernsey, including six Camellia reticulata never before grown in the United States.
United StatesView entry →
Botanical Building, Balboa Park (lath house), San Diego, California
1914-1915

Botanical Building, Balboa Park (lath house)

🇺🇸 San Diego, California
One of the largest lath structures in the world, built for the 1915 Panama-California Exposition and reopened in 2024 after a three-year restoration.
United StatesView entry →
Lucile Halsell Conservatory, San Antonio Botanical Garden, San Antonio, Texas
1988

Lucile Halsell Conservatory, San Antonio Botanical Garden

🇺🇸 San Antonio, Texas
A largely underground glasshouse from which only the glazed peaks emerge, and the first completed building by the architect Emilio Ambasz.
United StatesView entry →
Centennial Park Conservatory, Toronto (Etobicoke), Ontario
1969-1970

Centennial Park Conservatory

🇨🇦 Toronto (Etobicoke), Ontario
A free municipal glasshouse from 1970 combining palms, orchids, banana trees, cacti and seasonal flower shows.
CanadaView entry →
2009

ENMAX Conservatory (Calgary Zoo)

🇨🇦 Calgary, Alberta
Two 1960s greenhouses turned in 2009 into a tropical conservatory and butterfly garden, with LEED certification.
CanadaView entry →
1986

Mediterranean Garden (RBG Centre, Royal Botanical Gardens)

🇨🇦 Burlington, Ontario
The only conservatory of the Royal Botanical Gardens, a two-storey glasshouse opened in 1986 for plants of the five Mediterranean-climate regions.
CanadaView entry →
Gage Park Tropical Greenhouse, Hamilton, Ontario

Gage Park Tropical Greenhouse

🇨🇦 Hamilton, Ontario
A recent tropical glasshouse on a glulam timber frame, oriented towards the escarpment, where free-flying birds help control pests.
CanadaView entry →
Cosmovitral Jardín Botánico, Toluca de Lerdo, State of Mexico
1909–1910 (garden inaugurated in 1980)

Cosmovitral Jardín Botánico

🇲🇽 Toluca de Lerdo, State of Mexico
A former Art Nouveau market whose large windows were turned into a vast stained-glass work by Leopoldo Flores, housing a botanical garden.
MexicoView entry →
Invernadero Faustino Miranda (UNAM Botanical Garden), Mexico City, Ciudad Universitaria (Coyoacán)
1959

Invernadero Faustino Miranda (UNAM Botanical Garden)

🇲🇽 Mexico City, Ciudad Universitaria (Coyoacán)
A hemispherical iron dome of 1959, set in a hollow of volcanic rock, housing a small Mexican humid tropical forest.
MexicoView entry →
2006 (greenhouse from the 1940s or 1950s)

Orquideario, Chapultepec Botanical Garden

🇲🇽 Mexico City, Bosque de Chapultepec (First Section)
An art deco glasshouse with stained-glass vaults and domes, targeted by an art pavilion project whose works a court suspended in 2022.
MexicoView entry →
Niagara Parks Floral Showhouse, Niagara Falls, Ontario
1946

Niagara Parks Floral Showhouse

🇨🇦 Niagara Falls, Ontario
Opened in 1946 a few minutes' walk from the Horseshoe Falls, it has staged a chrysanthemum show every autumn since then.
CanadaView entry →
1967

Centennial Botanical Conservatory

🇨🇦 Thunder Bay, Ontario
A 1967 centennial project, this free conservatory, recommended for closure in 2020, was almost entirely rebuilt in 2024–2025.
CanadaView entry →
Talcott Greenhouse (Mount Holyoke College), South Hadley, Massachusetts
1896–1899

Talcott Greenhouse (Mount Holyoke College)

🇺🇸 South Hadley, Massachusetts
Rebuilt after the fire of 1896 with James Talcott's backing, this Victorian glasshouse has served botany teaching for more than a century.
United StatesView entry →
Orchid Range, Duke Farms, Hillsborough, New Jersey
1899–1901

Orchid Range, Duke Farms

🇺🇸 Hillsborough, New Jersey
The first ornamental building on James B. Duke's estate, this 1899–1901 conservatory holds nearly 2,000 orchids of some 1,300 varieties.
United StatesView entry →
1913

Brown Family Conservatory (Reynolda Gardens)

🇺🇸 Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Completed in 1913 for Katharine Reynolds, this Lord & Burnham greenhouse became design No. 539 in the builder's catalogue.
United StatesView entry →
Garfield Park Conservatory & Sunken Garden, Indianapolis, Indiana
1954

Garfield Park Conservatory & Sunken Garden

🇺🇸 Indianapolis, Indiana
Rebuilt in 1954, this was the first conservatory in the United States to stand on an all-welded aluminium frame.
United StatesView entry →
W. W. Seymour Botanical Conservatory (Wright Park), Tacoma, Washington
1908

W. W. Seymour Botanical Conservatory (Wright Park)

🇺🇸 Tacoma, Washington
Paid for by a 10,000-dollar gift, it is one of only three Victorian-style conservatories on the American West Coast.
United StatesView entry →
Jewel Box (Forest Park), St. Louis, Missouri
1936

Jewel Box (Forest Park)

🇺🇸 St. Louis, Missouri
An Art Deco greenhouse of 1936 whose stepped, vertical glass walls were designed to stand up better to Midwestern hailstorms.
United StatesView entry →
Biosphere 2, Oracle, Arizona
1987–1991

Biosphere 2

🇺🇸 Oracle, Arizona
Over 12,000 m² under glass holding rainforest, coral ocean, mangrove, savanna and desert, sealed for two years from 1991.
United StatesView entry →
Rainforest Pyramid (Moody Gardens), Galveston, Texas
1993

Rainforest Pyramid (Moody Gardens)

🇺🇸 Galveston, Texas
At 43 metres high, it is recognised by Guinness World Records as the largest pyramid-shaped greenhouse.
United StatesView entry →
Parque Bicentenario Greenhouses and Orquidario, Mexico City, Parque Bicentenario (Miguel Hidalgo / Azcapotzalco)
2010

Parque Bicentenario Greenhouses and Orquidario

🇲🇽 Mexico City, Parque Bicentenario (Miguel Hidalgo / Azcapotzalco)
An orchid house set inside a 100-metre cistern of the former Pemex refinery, crossed from end to end by suspended ramps.
MexicoView entry →
2017

Orchid Educational Pavilion, Oaxaca Ethnobotanical Garden

🇲🇽 Oaxaca City, Oaxaca
A 100 m² glass pavilion cooled by geothermal air and solar power, hand-built on site by Oaxacan artisans.
MexicoView entry →
1927

Westmount Conservatory and Greenhouses

🇨🇦 Westmount (Montreal), Quebec
A 1927 Lord & Burnham conservatory, closed in 2015 after glass panes fell and reopened in 2022 after a complete restoration.
CanadaView entry →
Bolz Conservatory (Olbrich Botanical Gardens), Madison, Wisconsin
1991

Bolz Conservatory (Olbrich Botanical Gardens)

🇺🇸 Madison, Wisconsin
A 15-metre glass pyramid, opened in 1991, that is home to more than 750 tropical plants, birds and koi.
United StatesView entry →
Marco Polo Stufano Conservatory (Wave Hill), Bronx, New York
1906–1907

Marco Polo Stufano Conservatory (Wave Hill)

🇺🇸 Bronx, New York
Built in 1906 for the financier George W. Perkins, the glasshouse was rebuilt in 1969, keeping only its original portico.
United StatesView entry →
1912 · rebuilt 1974, dome 1988

Gaiser Conservatory (Manito Park)

🇺🇸 Spokane, Washington
Long used only to grow plants for the park, the Manito Park greenhouse opened to the public for Spokane's Expo '74.
United StatesView entry →
Osher Rainforest (California Academy of Sciences), San Francisco, California
2008

Osher Rainforest (California Academy of Sciences)

🇺🇸 San Francisco, California
Beneath the living roof of Renzo Piano's museum, a 27-metre glass sphere holds a tropical rainforest rising through four levels.
United StatesView entry →
2014 · renovated 2024-2025

Marjorie K. Daugherty Conservatory (Lauritzen Gardens)

🇺🇸 Omaha, Nebraska
In a botanical garden laid out on a former Omaha rubbish dump, this conservatory of 12,000 glass panels looks out over the Missouri valley.
United StatesView entry →
Tropical Greenhouse, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario
1938

Tropical Greenhouse, Central Experimental Farm

🇨🇦 Ottawa, Ontario
An octagonal Lord & Burnham glasshouse that stood in Major's Hill Park, downtown Ottawa, before its move to the Experimental Farm in 1938.
CanadaView entry →
Cecil B. Day Butterfly Center (Callaway Gardens), Pine Mountain, Georgia
1988

Cecil B. Day Butterfly Center (Callaway Gardens)

🇺🇸 Pine Mountain, Georgia
Between 1,200 and 2,000 tropical butterflies, emerging on site from imported chrysalides, fly freely under this glass dome opened in 1988.
United StatesView entry →
Rainforest Conservatory (Fort Worth Botanic Garden), Fort Worth, Texas
1986

Rainforest Conservatory (Fort Worth Botanic Garden)

🇺🇸 Fort Worth, Texas
Closed in 2016, this 1986 tropical conservatory reopened in 2019 once a hundred panes of glass had been replaced and its misting overhauled.
United StatesView entry →
African Rainforest Pavilion (Toronto Zoo), Toronto (Scarborough), Ontario
1974

African Rainforest Pavilion (Toronto Zoo)

🇨🇦 Toronto (Scarborough), Ontario
Its steel-and-glass roofs, designed by Ron Thom in 1974, have sheltered the world's largest indoor habitat for lowland gorillas since 2001.
CanadaView entry →
Cockrell Butterfly Center (Houston Museum of Natural Science), Houston, Texas
1994

Cockrell Butterfly Center (Houston Museum of Natural Science)

🇺🇸 Houston, Texas
A 75-foot glass cone engineered to withstand Category 5 hurricane winds while sheltering some 1,500 free-flying butterflies.
United StatesView entry →
Lamberton Conservatory (Highland Park), Rochester, New York
1911

Lamberton Conservatory (Highland Park)

🇺🇸 Rochester, New York
Taken down to its foundations in 2007, the 1911 conservatory was rebuilt as an exact replica, reusing its cypress gutters.
United StatesView entry →
1905 (rebuilt 1937-1939)

Rockefeller Park Greenhouse

🇺🇸 Cleveland, Ohio
Six 30-foot royal palms from the Florida exhibit of the 1936-37 Great Lakes Exposition were replanted in its Palm House.
United StatesView entry →
Roger Williams Park Botanical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
2007

Roger Williams Park Botanical Center

🇺🇸 Providence, Rhode Island
Opened in 2007, it is billed as the largest indoor garden open to the public in New England.
United StatesView entry →
Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House (Missouri Botanical Garden), Chesterfield, Missouri
1998

Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House (Missouri Botanical Garden)

🇺🇸 Chesterfield, Missouri
Its 8,000 sq ft butterfly conservatory is sheathed in 646 glass panels, each weighing about 200 pounds, set in five vaults.
United StatesView entry →
Hilbert Conservatory (White River Gardens, Indianapolis Zoo), Indianapolis, Indiana
1999

Hilbert Conservatory (White River Gardens, Indianapolis Zoo)

🇺🇸 Indianapolis, Indiana
With 65-foot ceilings, the Indianapolis Zoo's glass conservatory is being turned into an Amazon-style forest with sloths and macaws.
United StatesView entry →
Alice Hand Callaway Visitor Center and Conservatory (State Botanical Garden of Georgia), Athens, Georgia
1985

Alice Hand Callaway Visitor Center and Conservatory (State Botanical Garden of Georgia)

🇺🇸 Athens, Georgia
Beneath high glass ceilings, the University of Georgia's botanical garden displays tropical plants of economic interest.
United StatesView entry →
The Spheres (Amazon Spheres), Seattle, Washington
2018

The Spheres (Amazon Spheres)

🇺🇸 Seattle, Washington
At the foot of an office tower, three glass spheres hold more than 40,000 plants from the world's cloud forests.
United StatesView entry →
Orangerie and Limonaia (New England Botanic Garden at Tower Hill), Boylston, Massachusetts
1999

Orangerie and Limonaia (New England Botanic Garden at Tower Hill)

🇺🇸 Boylston, Massachusetts
Steel catenary arches carry the glass roof of this 1999 orangery, designed as a cross between an 18th-century orangery and a modern conservatory.
United StatesView entry →
Desert and Mediterranean Conservatories (ABQ BioPark Botanic Garden), Albuquerque, New Mexico
1996

Desert and Mediterranean Conservatories (ABQ BioPark Botanic Garden)

🇺🇸 Albuquerque, New Mexico
With little or no imported energy, two glass pavilions beside the Rio Grande recreate North American deserts and Mediterranean-climate coasts.
United StatesView entry →
Hidden Lake Gardens Conservatory (Michigan State University), Tipton, Michigan
1968

Hidden Lake Gardens Conservatory (Michigan State University)

🇺🇸 Tipton, Michigan
On the estate Harry Fee gave to Michigan State University in 1945, three glasshouses of 1968 bring together tropics, desert and seasonal blooms.
United StatesView entry →
1999

Magic Wings Butterfly House (Museum of Life and Science)

🇺🇸 Durham, North Carolina
A 35-foot glass conservatory where hundreds of tropical butterflies fly among more than 200 varieties of plants.
United StatesView entry →
Great Vivarium (Grand Vivarium), Montréal Insectarium, Montreal, Quebec
2022

Great Vivarium (Grand Vivarium), Montréal Insectarium

🇨🇦 Montreal, Quebec
A sawtooth-roofed greenhouse where butterflies and leafcutter ants roam freely among some 150 species of plants.
CanadaView entry →
Global Flora Conservatory (Margaret C. Ferguson Greenhouses, Wellesley College), Wellesley, Massachusetts
2019

Global Flora Conservatory (Margaret C. Ferguson Greenhouses, Wellesley College)

🇺🇸 Wellesley, Massachusetts
A net-zero-energy conservatory whose three biomes trade air and heat with one another beneath a roof of ETFE cushions.
United StatesView entry →
Birmingham Botanical Gardens Conservatory, Birmingham, Alabama
1961-1962

Birmingham Botanical Gardens Conservatory

🇺🇸 Birmingham, Alabama
A Lord & Burnham conservatory of 1962, now a rarity, designed by the curator of the Montreal Botanical Garden.
United StatesView entry →
2017

Shane Smith Grand Conservatory (Cheyenne Botanic Gardens)

🇺🇸 Cheyenne, Wyoming
Heir to a 1977 community solar greenhouse, this three-storey conservatory even houses a 42-foot Navy submarine periscope.
United StatesView entry →
2008

William H. Williamson III Orchid Conservatory (Daniel Stowe Conservancy)

🇺🇸 Belmont, North Carolina
Billed as the only glasshouse of its kind in the Carolinas, a five-storey glass house devoted to orchids and tropical plants.
United StatesView entry →
Dow Gardens Conservatory, Midland, Michigan
1975-1976

Dow Gardens Conservatory

🇺🇸 Midland, Michigan
A low glass pyramid by architect Alden B. Dow, set in the gardens begun by his father, the founder of Dow Chemical.
United StatesView entry →
Ed Lycan Conservatory (Will Rogers Gardens), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
1924

Ed Lycan Conservatory (Will Rogers Gardens)

🇺🇸 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
A 1924 Lord & Burnham glasshouse, moved across the city in 1936 and faithfully rebuilt on its stone base in 2013.
United StatesView entry →
1998

Sun Garden (Quad City Botanical Center)

🇺🇸 Rock Island, Illinois
A 70-foot tropical atrium where a waterfall, a stream and a koi pond keep the air humid for the plants.
United StatesView entry →
Wilder Park Conservatory, Elmhurst, Illinois
1923

Wilder Park Conservatory

🇺🇸 Elmhurst, Illinois
The Elmhurst Park District's first capital project, added in 1923 to a greenhouse Seth Wadhams had built on his estate in the 1860s.
United StatesView entry →
Potawatomi Conservatories (Ella Morris and Muessel-Ellison Conservatories, Desert Dome), South Bend, Indiana
1963–1973

Potawatomi Conservatories (Ella Morris and Muessel-Ellison Conservatories, Desert Dome)

🇺🇸 South Bend, Indiana
Three glasshouses given to South Bend, including a 1973 desert dome, beside a 1920s Lord & Burnham growing range.
United StatesView entry →
1964–1965 · rebuilt in 1977

Reptile Gardens Sky Dome

🇺🇸 Rapid City, South Dakota
A black plexiglass dome, rebuilt in 1977 after a fire, where lizards and birds roam free among orchids and bromeliads.
United StatesView entry →
1997

Powell Gardens Conservatory (Visitor Education Center)

🇺🇸 Kingsville, Missouri
A glass-domed conservatory by Fay Jones, a disciple of Frank Lloyd Wright, turned each summer into a tropical forest full of butterflies.
United StatesView entry →
1930s · renovated and enlarged (completed by 2003)

Conservatory of the Two Sisters (New Orleans Botanical Garden)

🇺🇸 New Orleans, Louisiana
A 1930s conservatory, born with City Park's Art Deco WPA garden, crowned by a glass dome 40 feet high.
United StatesView entry →
Conservatory & Interpretive Center, International Peace Garden, International Peace Garden, near Dunseith, North Dakota
2009 · expanded in 2024

Conservatory & Interpretive Center, International Peace Garden

🇺🇸 International Peace Garden, near Dunseith, North Dakota
More than 5,000 species of cacti and succulents, given by a collector from Minot, grow here on the Canada–US border.
United StatesView entry →
Frick Greenhouse (The Frick Pittsburgh, Clayton estate), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
1897

Frick Greenhouse (The Frick Pittsburgh, Clayton estate)

🇺🇸 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
The greenhouse built in 1897 for Henry Clay Frick's estate, designed by Alden & Harlow with the glasshouse builders Lord & Burnham.
United StatesView entry →
Rosine Smith Sammons Butterfly House and Insectarium (Texas Discovery Gardens), Dallas, Texas
1936 (Garden Room) · 2009 (butterfly house)

Rosine Smith Sammons Butterfly House and Insectarium (Texas Discovery Gardens)

🇺🇸 Dallas, Texas
Its 1936 Garden Room is billed as the first public conservatory in the American Southwest; tropical butterflies now fly inside.
United StatesView entry →
1924

Conservatory, Tulsa Garden Center (Woodward Park)

🇺🇸 Tulsa, Oklahoma
Commissioned in 1924 by Lina Jane Hull, this Lord & Burnham glasshouse on an oil-boom estate reached its centenary freshly restored.
United StatesView entry →
Rose Hills Foundation Conservatory for Botanical Science (The Huntington), San Marino, California
2005

Rose Hills Foundation Conservatory for Botanical Science (The Huntington)

🇺🇸 San Marino, California
A glass rotunda 96 feet across, modelled on the estate's early lath house and built to teach botany with more than 700 tropical plants.
United StatesView entry →
Weir Greenhouse (Green-House at Green-Wood), Brooklyn, New York
1895

Weir Greenhouse (Green-House at Green-Wood)

🇺🇸 Brooklyn, New York
The only known Victorian commercial greenhouse in New York City, facing the Gothic gateway of Green-Wood Cemetery.
United StatesView entry →
Bush Conservatory (Bush's Pasture Park), Salem, Oregon
1882 · restored 2010-2011

Bush Conservatory (Bush's Pasture Park)

🇺🇸 Salem, Oregon
Built in 1882 for Asahel Bush's daughters, it is described as the oldest greenhouse in Oregon and the Pacific Northwest.
United StatesView entry →
Wings of the Tropics, Butterfly Pavilion, Westminster, Colorado
1995

Wings of the Tropics, Butterfly Pavilion

🇺🇸 Westminster, Colorado
The indoor rainforest of the first stand-alone AZA-accredited invertebrate zoo, alive with butterflies of more than 200 species.
United StatesView entry →
Nicholas Conservatory & Gardens, Rockford, Illinois
2011

Nicholas Conservatory & Gardens

🇺🇸 Rockford, Illinois
A park district's centennial gift to its city, this LEED Gold conservatory on the Rock River is the third-largest in Illinois.
United StatesView entry →
Parkwood Estate Greenhouses (National Historic Site), Oshawa, Ontario
1915–1917

Parkwood Estate Greenhouses (National Historic Site)

🇨🇦 Oshawa, Ontario
Six of motor magnate Sam McLaughlin's eleven greenhouses survive, taken apart, repaired and reglazed in glass as first built.
CanadaView entry →
2016

Milton & Catherine Hershey Conservatory (Hershey Gardens)

🇺🇸 Hershey, Pennsylvania
Opened in 2016 above the 1937 rose garden, it houses what the garden calls one of only 25 indoor tropical butterfly atriums in the country.
United StatesView entry →
Olcott Park Greenhouse, Virginia, Minnesota
1933

Olcott Park Greenhouse

🇺🇸 Virginia, Minnesota
The Virginia Area Historical Society calls it the only tropical botanical garden north of the Twin Cities; its display wing opened in 1933.
United StatesView entry →
Hillwood Greenhouse (Hillwood Estate, Museum & Gardens), Washington, D.C.
1996

Hillwood Greenhouse (Hillwood Estate, Museum & Gardens)

🇺🇸 Washington, D.C.
Marjorie Merriweather Post's orchid greenhouse still holds more than 2,000 specimens and supplies blooms for the rooms of her mansion.
United StatesView entry →
Virginia Haldan Tropical House (University of California Botanical Garden), Berkeley, California

Virginia Haldan Tropical House (University of California Botanical Garden)

🇺🇸 Berkeley, California
Reskinned in 2020 and replanted to a design by Ron Lutsko, it is described by the garden as the East Bay's only public tropical glass house.
United StatesView entry →
McMillan Greenhouse (UNC Charlotte Botanical Gardens), Charlotte, North Carolina

McMillan Greenhouse (UNC Charlotte Botanical Gardens)

🇺🇸 Charlotte, North Carolina
Built to house the university's orchid collection, this glasshouse still grows some of the original orchids among its displays.
United StatesView entry →
Tropical Discovery (Denver Zoo), Denver, Colorado
1993

Tropical Discovery (Denver Zoo)

🇺🇸 Denver, Colorado
Opened in 1993 beneath glass pyramids, this hall doubled at a stroke the number of species and animals on show at Denver Zoo.
United StatesView entry →
South America (13)
2026

Cali Botanical Garden Orchid Pavilion

🇨🇴 Cali
A new pavilion for orchids native to the tropical dry forest of the Cauca valley, a habitat under threat from deforestation.
ColombiaView entry →
Crystal Palace of Petrópolis, Petrópolis
1884

Crystal Palace of Petrópolis

🇧🇷 Petrópolis
An iron-and-glass pavilion made in France, a gift from the Count of Eu to Princess Isabel so she could grow her plants.
BrazilView entry →
Estufa das Bromélias Roberto Burle Marx (Bromeliad House, Rio Botanical Garden), Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro

Estufa das Bromélias Roberto Burle Marx (Bromeliad House, Rio Botanical Garden)

🇧🇷 Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro
Some 1,700 bromeliads from South and Central America, in a greenhouse named after the landscape architect Roberto Burle Marx.
BrazilView entry →
Estufa do Jardim Botânico de Curitiba, Curitiba, Paraná
1991

Estufa do Jardim Botânico de Curitiba

🇧🇷 Curitiba, Paraná
Three iron-and-glass domes inspired by the Crystal Palace, now the defining image of Curitiba.
BrazilView entry →
Invernáculo du Jardin botanique Carlos Thays, Buenos Aires
Exhibited in 1889 · installed in 1897

Invernáculo du Jardin botanique Carlos Thays

🇦🇷 Buenos Aires
Award-winning at the Paris World's Fair before crossing the Atlantic.
ArgentinaView entry →
Invernáculo of the Montevideo Botanical Garden, Montevideo, Prado district
1920s · restored 2022-2023

Invernáculo of the Montevideo Botanical Garden

🇺🇾 Montevideo, Prado district
A metal frame shipped from France, first erected in the Prado and moved to the Botanical Garden in the 1920s.
UruguayView entry →
Orchid House, Institute of Botany, São Paulo
1928

Orchid House, Institute of Botany

🇧🇷 São Paulo
Some 18,000 pots of orchids held as a scientific collection, including many threatened Brazilian species.
BrazilView entry →
Orchid House, Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro

Orchid House, Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden

🇧🇷 Rio de Janeiro
A micro-orchid section comes with magnifying glasses, so visitors can see flowers barely two millimetres across.
BrazilView entry →
Quinta Normal Glasshouse, Santiago, Santiago Metropolitan Region
c. 1865 (moved to Quinta Normal in 1890)

Quinta Normal Glasshouse

🇨🇱 Santiago, Santiago Metropolitan Region
Once the glasshouse of railway magnate Henry Meiggs, now a national monument left derelict behind its railings.
ChileView entry →
Tropicario du Jardin botanique de Bogotá, Bogotá
2021

Tropicario du Jardin botanique de Bogotá

🇨🇴 Bogotá
This circuit of greenhouses was built on a platform designed as an artificial wetland, in tribute to the vanished marshes of the Bogotá savanna.
ColombiaView entry →
Quito Botanical Garden Orquideario, Quito, Pichincha
1995

Quito Botanical Garden Orquideario

🇪🇨 Quito, Pichincha
Two orchid houses, one warm and one cool, built on the former municipal nursery of La Carolina park with a private donation.
EcuadorView entry →
Dr. Frederico Carlos Hoehne Greenhouses (São Paulo Botanical Garden), São Paulo, State of São Paulo
1928–1929

Dr. Frederico Carlos Hoehne Greenhouses (São Paulo Botanical Garden)

🇧🇷 São Paulo, State of São Paulo
Twin greenhouses with an iron frame from England, at the very origin of the São Paulo Botanical Garden, one devoted to the Atlantic Forest.
BrazilView entry →
Ruth Cardoso Orchid House (Orquidário Ruth Cardoso, Villa-Lobos Park), São Paulo, Parque Villa-Lobos (Alto de Pinheiros)
2010

Ruth Cardoso Orchid House (Orquidário Ruth Cardoso, Villa-Lobos Park)

🇧🇷 São Paulo, Parque Villa-Lobos (Alto de Pinheiros)
Designed by Decio Tozzi in the spirit of an Indigenous oca, this orchid house reopened in 2026 after about ten years of closure.
BrazilView entry →
Africa (6)
Botanical Society Conservatory (Kirstenbosch), Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, Cape Town
1997

Botanical Society Conservatory (Kirstenbosch)

🇿🇦 Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, Cape Town
Around a baobab, each bed of this 1997 conservatory recreates a southern African region using that region's own rocks.
South AfricaView entry →
Jardin d'Essai du Hamma, Algiers
Founded in 1832

Jardin d'Essai du Hamma

🇩🇿 Algiers
Served as a filming location for 'Tarzan the Ape Man' in 1932.
AlgeriaView entry →
2025

Tropical Display House

🇿🇦 Durban
Opened in October 2025, this tropical house took over from the historic Ernest Thorp Orchid House, closed after the 2022 floods.
South AfricaView entry →
1882

Pearson Conservatory (St George's Park)

🇿🇦 Gqeberha (Port Elizabeth), Eastern Cape
A Scottish-made Victorian conservatory shipped in kit form to the Eastern Cape, its cast iron original but its timber replaced in the 2009-2011 rebuild.
South AfricaView entry →
Stellenbosch University Botanical Garden Glasshouses, Stellenbosch, Western Cape
Garden 1922 · tropical house 1920s

Stellenbosch University Botanical Garden Glasshouses

🇿🇦 Stellenbosch, Western Cape
A Welwitschia sown in 1926 by the first curator still grows in its original spot, in an arid house that has since been rebuilt twice.
South AfricaView entry →
1868–1871

Historic Greenhouses of the Zohria Garden (Hadiqat al-Zohriya)

🇪🇬 Zamalek, Cairo
Created in 1868 by Khedive Ismail, this acclimatisation garden keeps old iron-and-glass greenhouses in the heart of Zamalek.
EgyptView entry →
Asia (129)
2015

Bayan Botanical Garden

🇰🇼 Bayan Palace, Kuwait City
Within the Emir's palace grounds, three glasshouses hold six gardens spread across four climate zones.
KuwaitView entry →
2015

Butterfly Pavilion, Noor Island

🇦🇪 Noor Island, Sharjah
Four thousand gilded aluminum petals form the cocoon beneath which five hundred tropical butterflies flutter, facing Sharjah's waterfront.
United Arab EmiratesView entry →
Central Siberian Botanical Garden Glasshouses, Novosibirsk (Akademgorodok)
1972

Central Siberian Botanical Garden Glasshouses

🇷🇺 Novosibirsk (Akademgorodok)
More than 7,000 species, forms and varieties of tropical and subtropical plants grow in glasshouses built when the garden moved to Akademgorodok.
RussiaView entry →
Dubai Butterfly Garden, Dubai
2015

Dubai Butterfly Garden

🇦🇪 Dubai
Over 15,000 butterflies under climate-controlled domes in the middle of the desert.
United Arab EmiratesView entry →
Flower Dome & Cloud Forest, Gardens by the Bay, Singapore
2012

Flower Dome & Cloud Forest

🇸🇬 Gardens by the Bay, Singapore
Guinness World Record holder for the largest column-free glasshouse.
SingaporeView entry →
Forsgate Conservatory, Hong Kong
1991

Forsgate Conservatory

🇭🇰 Hong Kong
Three climates under glass nestled among the skyscrapers of Central.
China (Hong Kong)View entry →
Lalbagh Glass House, Bangalore (Bengaluru), Karnataka
1889-1891

Lalbagh Glass House

🇮🇳 Bangalore (Bengaluru), Karnataka
Prince Albert Victor laid its foundation stone in 1889; today it stages Bangalore's great flower shows.
IndiaView entry →
Glass House, Government Botanical Garden, Ooty (Udhagamandalam), Tamil Nadu
1912

Glass House, Government Botanical Garden

🇮🇳 Ooty (Udhagamandalam), Tamil Nadu
Since 1848, Ooty's botanical gardens have grown flowers imported from an empire under glass, at 2,200 meters above sea level in the Nilgiris.
IndiaView entry →

Glasshouse Complex, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden

🇹🇭 Mae Rim, Chiang Mai
Twelve themed glasshouses in the Mae Rim mountains, including a 1,000 m² rainforest house crossed on a wooden walkway.
ThailandView entry →
Grande Serre du Jardin botanique national de Chine, Haidian, Beijing
2000

Grande Serre du Jardin botanique national de Chine

🇨🇳 Haidian, Beijing
In 1999, the largest greenhouse in Asia at the time opened at the foot of the Fragrant Hills, under a roof conceived as the leaves' memory of their roots.
ChinaView entry →
Grand Greenhouse, World Horti-Expo Garden (大温室), Kunming, Yunnan
1999

Grand Greenhouse, World Horti-Expo Garden (大温室)

🇨🇳 Kunming, Yunnan
Built for the 1999 Horticultural Expo, it gathered more than 1,200 species under glass, from rainforest to cold-zone plants.
ChinaView entry →
Taipei Collection Botanical Garden (臺北典藏植物園), Taipei (Zhongshan District)

Taipei Collection Botanical Garden (臺北典藏植物園)

🇹🇼 Taipei (Zhongshan District)
A 2010 Flora Expo pavilion turned greenhouse, claiming Taiwan's highest density of species on display.
TaiwanView entry →
Jindai Botanical Gardens Greenhouse, Chōfu, Tokyo
1984

Jindai Botanical Gardens Greenhouse

🇯🇵 Chōfu, Tokyo
A large tropical glasshouse in western Tokyo, extended in 2016, with its room of tropical water lilies.
JapanView entry →
Konya Tropikal Kelebek Bahçesi, Selçuklu, Konya
2015

Konya Tropikal Kelebek Bahçesi

🇹🇷 Selçuklu, Konya
Beneath a butterfly-shaped glass roof, dozens of tropical butterfly species fly freely in the heart of Anatolia.
TurkeyView entry →
Lloyd Botanical Garden Conservatory & Orchidarium, Darjeeling

Lloyd Botanical Garden Conservatory & Orchidarium

🇮🇳 Darjeeling
An orchidarium of 2,500 Himalayan orchids, in the highest botanical garden in West Bengal.
IndiaView entry →
2007–2025

Oman Botanic Garden

🇴🇲 Al Khoud, near Muscat
Two glass arches spanning 75 meters recreate Oman's mountains at full scale, in the middle of the desert.
OmanView entry →
Rumah Kaca Anggrek Soedjana Kassan, Bogor
2021 · inaugurated 2023

Rumah Kaca Anggrek Soedjana Kassan

🇮🇩 Bogor
The new orchid house of the garden where Sukarno gave Kim Il-sung the orchid that became the Kimilsungia.
IndonesiaView entry →
1969

Greenhouse, Main Botanical Garden of Almaty

🇰🇿 Almaty
Cycads 80 to 90 years old and a palm house inherited from the Soviet era, at the foot of the Tian Shan.
KazakhstanView entry →
Serre du Seoul Botanic Park, Seoul (Gangseo-gu, Magok)
2018–2019

Serre du Seoul Botanic Park

🇰🇷 Seoul (Gangseo-gu, Magok)
An inverted glass saucer 100 meters across, where Seoul recreates the tropics and the Mediterranean under one roof.
South KoreaView entry →
Serre du jardin botanique de Higashiyama, Nagoya
1936–1937

Serre du jardin botanique de Higashiyama

🇯🇵 Nagoya
The oldest greenhouse still standing in Japan, nicknamed the 'Crystal Palace of the Orient.'
JapanView entry →
Serre du jardin botanique de Kyoto, Kyoto
1992

Serre du jardin botanique de Kyoto

🇯🇵 Kyoto
A glass silhouette designed to echo the nearby Kinkaku-ji.
JapanView entry →
Tropical Conservatory, Jerusalem Botanical Gardens, Givat Ram, Jerusalem
1986 · renovated 2019

Tropical Conservatory, Jerusalem Botanical Gardens

🇮🇱 Givat Ram, Jerusalem
A single gardener tends the mini rainforest growing, almost secretly, at the heart of Jerusalem.
IsraelView entry →
Tropical Rainforest Greenhouse, National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung
1999

Tropical Rainforest Greenhouse, National Museum of Natural Science

🇹🇼 Taichung
A 31-meter-high glass-and-steel bubble planted in the middle of the city, growing a jungle under a dome.
TaiwanView entry →
Serres du Jardin botanique national de Chine du Sud, Guangzhou
2008

Serres du Jardin botanique national de Chine du Sud

🇨🇳 Guangzhou
Five of the world's climates recreated in one of Asia's largest landscaped greenhouse complexes.
ChinaView entry →
Exhibition Greenhouses, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Songjiang, Shanghai
2011

Exhibition Greenhouses, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden

🇨🇳 Songjiang, Shanghai
Hailed on completion as Asia's largest exhibition greenhouse: 12,608 m² spread across three separate halls.
ChinaView entry →
Tropical and Subtropical Greenhouses, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon (Gwangneung Forest)
2008

Tropical and Subtropical Greenhouses, Korea National Arboretum

🇰🇷 Pocheon (Gwangneung Forest)
A glass pyramid nestled within a forest designated a UNESCO biosphere reserve.
South KoreaView entry →
Tashkent Botanical Garden Greenhouse, Tashkent

Tashkent Botanical Garden Greenhouse

🇺🇿 Tashkent
With no working shading system, staff had to paint the glass with clay to protect tropical plants from the Central Asian sun.
UzbekistanView entry →
The Green Planet, City Walk, Dubai
2016

The Green Planet

🇦🇪 City Walk, Dubai
An origami-shaped glass cube in the heart of City Walk encloses a rainforest built around the largest artificial tree of its kind.
United Arab EmiratesView entry →
The Orchard, Hamad International Airport, Doha
2022

The Orchard

🇶🇦 Hamad International Airport, Doha
Beneath an 85-metre grid shell, more than 300 trees grow at the heart of a desert airport's central concourse.
QatarView entry →
Tropical Montane Orchidetum (Cool House), Singapore
2021

Tropical Montane Orchidetum (Cool House)

🇸🇬 Singapore
A tropical mountain microclimate maintained at 16-23°C, right in equatorial Singapore.
SingaporeView entry →
Yeomiji Botanical Garden, Seogwipo (Jeju)
1989

Yeomiji Botanical Garden

🇰🇷 Seogwipo (Jeju)
A giant sunflower-shaped glasshouse gathers six themed gardens under one glass roof, at the heart of the Jungmun resort complex.
South KoreaView entry →
Yumenoshima Tropical Greenhouse Dome, Kōtō, Tokyo
1988

Yumenoshima Tropical Greenhouse Dome

🇯🇵 Kōtō, Tokyo
On a former landfill in Tokyo Bay, three glass domes heated by waste heat from a nearby incineration plant.
JapanView entry →
Shinjuku Gyoen Large Greenhouse (新宿御苑大温室), Shinjuku, Tokyo
2012 (rebuilding of a 1958 greenhouse)

Shinjuku Gyoen Large Greenhouse (新宿御苑大温室)

🇯🇵 Shinjuku, Tokyo
Rebuilt in 2012 after five and a half years of closure, it is cooled in summer partly by underground air tubes rather than by air conditioning alone.
JapanView entry →
1909

Daeonsil, Great Greenhouse of Changgyeonggung Palace (창경궁 대온실)

🇰🇷 Seoul (Jongno-gu)
Korea's first Western-style glasshouse, designed in 1907 by the Japanese horticulturist Fukuba Hayato and erected by a French company.
South KoreaView entry →
Ecorium, National Institute of Ecology (국립생태원 에코리움), Seocheon (South Chungcheong)
2013

Ecorium, National Institute of Ecology (국립생태원 에코리움)

🇰🇷 Seocheon (South Chungcheong)
Five curving glasshouses modelled on the oxbow lakes of a meandering river, leading from rainforest to desert and Antarctic penguins.
South KoreaView entry →
Four Seasons Exhibition Greenhouse, Sejong National Arboretum (국립세종수목원 사계절전시온실), Sejong
2020

Four Seasons Exhibition Greenhouse, Sejong National Arboretum (국립세종수목원 사계절전시온실)

🇰🇷 Sejong
Three glasshouses laid out like the three petals of an iris, from an Alhambra-inspired Mediterranean garden to a tropical mangrove.
South KoreaView entry →
Shanghai Greenhouse Garden, Expo Culture Park (世博文化公园温室花园), Shanghai (Pudong)
2024

Shanghai Greenhouse Garden, Expo Culture Park (世博文化公园温室花园)

🇨🇳 Shanghai (Pudong)
Billed as Asia's largest glass greenhouse garden, it keeps 1918 steel roof trusses from the former Shanghai No. 3 Steel Works.
ChinaView entry →
2001

Exhibition Greenhouse, Shanghai Botanical Garden (上海植物园展览温室)

🇨🇳 Shanghai (Xuhui)
A 32-metre glass pyramid where man-made mountains, canyons and waterfalls frame more than 3,500 tropical species.
ChinaView entry →
1985

Exhibition Greenhouse, Seoul Grand Park Botanical Garden (서울대공원 식물원 전시온실)

🇰🇷 Gwacheon (Gyeonggi)
Heir to the botanical garden set up in 1909 at Changgyeonggung Palace, this 25-metre greenhouse of 1985 holds five climate halls.
South KoreaView entry →
2007

Tropical Plant Palace, Nanjing Zhongshan Botanical Garden (南京中山植物园热带植物宫)

🇨🇳 Nanjing (Jiangsu)
Three glass leaves that seem to rise from Qianhu Lake at the foot of Zijin Mountain shelter more than 2,000 plant species.
ChinaView entry →
1966 and 1974

Tropical House and glasshouses, National Botanic Garden of Nepal

🇳🇵 Godawari, Lalitpur District
A garden inspired by a royal visit to Edinburgh, whose Special Garden glasshouses were built by a Kew horticulturist in 1966.
NepalView entry →
2014 · conservatory opened 2022

Kebun Raya Cibodas greenhouses (Nepenthes House and Conservatory)

🇮🇩 Cipanas, Cianjur, West Java
A mountain greenhouse devoted to carnivorous plants: 80 Nepenthes species, opened for the garden's 162nd anniversary in 2014.
IndonesiaView entry →
Large Palm House and Cactus House, AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal
Mid-19th century · Cactus House: 1987

Large Palm House and Cactus House, AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden

🇮🇳 Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal
Beneath the iron dome grows a double coconut (Lodoicea maldivica), a Seychelles palm planted here in 1894.
IndiaView entry →
Orchid House and plant houses, Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Kandy District, Central Province

Orchid House and plant houses, Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya

🇱🇰 Peradeniya, Kandy District, Central Province
Here flowers Grammatophyllum speciosum, the world's largest orchid, whose flower spikes reach 2.5 m.
Sri LankaView entry →
Rumah Kaca Kaktus (Cactus Greenhouse), Bali Botanic Garden, Bedugul, Tabanan, Bali
Reopened 2023

Rumah Kaca Kaktus (Cactus Greenhouse), Bali Botanic Garden

🇮🇩 Bedugul, Tabanan, Bali
At 1,300 m in the damp air of Bedugul, a 500 m² greenhouse shelters 98 species of cacti and succulents.
IndonesiaView entry →
Sakuya Konohana Kan (咲くやこの花館), Tsurumi-ku, Osaka
1990

Sakuya Konohana Kan (咲くやこの花館)

🇯🇵 Tsurumi-ku, Osaka
Built as the City of Osaka's pavilion for Expo '90, it is billed by its operators as the largest greenhouse in Japan.
JapanView entry →
Awaji Green Kan (あわじグリーン館), Awaji Yumebutai Greenhouse, Awaji, Hyōgo Prefecture
2000

Awaji Green Kan (あわじグリーン館), Awaji Yumebutai Greenhouse

🇯🇵 Awaji, Hyōgo Prefecture
Designed by Tadao Ando on a hill whose earth was used to build Kansai airport, it is Japan's second-largest greenhouse.
JapanView entry →
1998

Tropical Plant Dome, Niigata Prefectural Botanical Garden (熱帯植物ドーム)

🇯🇵 Akiha-ku, Niigata
At 30 m high and 42 m across, its tropical dome ranks among the largest dome-shaped greenhouses in Japan.
JapanView entry →
Tropical Dream Center (熱帯ドリームセンター), Motobu, Okinawa Prefecture
1986

Tropical Dream Center (熱帯ドリームセンター)

🇯🇵 Motobu, Okinawa Prefecture
More than 2,000 orchids are on permanent display beneath a 36 m lookout tower facing the East China Sea.
JapanView entry →
1958

Atagawa Tropical & Alligator Garden (熱川バナナワニ園)

🇯🇵 Higashi-Izu, Shizuoka Prefecture
Since 1958, steam from Atagawa's near-boiling hot springs has heated greenhouses growing more than twenty kinds of banana.
JapanView entry →
Tsukuba Botanical Garden Greenhouses (筑波実験植物園), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture

Tsukuba Botanical Garden Greenhouses (筑波実験植物園)

🇯🇵 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture
In 2023 the garden achieved, by hand pollination, the first fruiting in Japan of the titan arum (Amorphophallus titanum).
JapanView entry →
1980

Fukuoka City Botanical Garden Greenhouse (福岡市植物園)

🇯🇵 Chūō-ku, Fukuoka
In the large greenhouse, an upper floor looks down on a tropical forest where papaya, mango and coffee ripen.
JapanView entry →
Siberian Botanical Garden Orangeries, Tomsk State University, Tomsk
1971–1973; 1985–1988

Siberian Botanical Garden Orangeries, Tomsk State University

🇷🇺 Tomsk
Its 31-metre central orangery ranks among the tallest in the world, and plants that arrived in 1885 are still alive inside.
RussiaView entry →
Tropical Greenhouse, Isfahan Flower Garden (Bagh-e Golha), Isfahan, Isfahan Province
2020–2021

Tropical Greenhouse, Isfahan Flower Garden (Bagh-e Golha)

🇮🇷 Isfahan, Isfahan Province
A geodesic dome 20 m high where pineapple, mango, cacao and vanilla grow in the heart of Isfahan.
IranView entry →
2018

Davanagere Glass House

🇮🇳 Davanagere, Karnataka
Opened in 2018, this 108-by-68-metre conservatory has been billed by the Indian press as the largest glass house in the country.
IndiaView entry →
Garden in the Sky and Cactus Glasshouse, Nong Nooch Tropical Garden, Near Pattaya, Chonburi Province

Garden in the Sky and Cactus Glasshouse, Nong Nooch Tropical Garden

🇹🇭 Near Pattaya, Chonburi Province
Designed by Kampon Tansacha, a two-level garden where ferns and palms stand in artificial mist beneath a high glass ceiling.
ThailandView entry →
Taipei Botanical Garden Glasshouses (台北植物園溫室), Taipei (Zhongzheng District)
1964 (rebuilt glasshouses) · new glasshouse 2020s

Taipei Botanical Garden Glasshouses (台北植物園溫室)

🇹🇼 Taipei (Zhongzheng District)
On the site of a Japanese-era glass rotunda demolished in 2020, a low new glasshouse now shelters Taiwan's threatened plants.
TaiwanView entry →
2019

Plant Pavilion, Beijing Expo Park (北京世园公园植物馆)

🇨🇳 Yanqing, Beijing
Designed by URBANUS for the 2019 Horticultural Expo, it hides an ETFE-roofed tropical glasshouse behind a hall hung with 'roots'.
ChinaView entry →
2006

Landscape Greenhouse, Wuhan Botanical Garden (武汉植物园景观温室)

🇨🇳 Wuhan (Hubei)
Built in 2006 with materials imported from France, it is billed as the largest landscape glasshouse in central China.
ChinaView entry →
Tropical Plant Garden, Hanbat Arboretum (한밭수목원 열대식물원), Daejeon (Seo-gu)
2011

Tropical Plant Garden, Hanbat Arboretum (한밭수목원 열대식물원)

🇰🇷 Daejeon (Seo-gu)
Opened in 2011, it was Korea's first tropical garden built around a mangrove theme, with 21 species of mangrove plants.
South KoreaView entry →
Koishikawa Botanical Garden Public Glasshouse (小石川植物園 公開温室), Bunkyō, Tokyo
2019

Koishikawa Botanical Garden Public Glasshouse (小石川植物園 公開温室)

🇯🇵 Bunkyō, Tokyo
A glass house opened in 2019 that keeps the brick foundations of its predecessor, on a botanical site founded in 1684.
JapanView entry →
Makino Botanical Garden Greenhouse (高知県立牧野植物園 温室), Kōchi, Kōchi Prefecture
2010

Makino Botanical Garden Greenhouse (高知県立牧野植物園 温室)

🇯🇵 Kōchi, Kōchi Prefecture
Visitors enter through a stone tower planted with akō figs, whose aerial roots are meant to wrap its walls over time.
JapanView entry →
1996

Botanic Gardens of Toyama Exhibition Greenhouses (富山県中央植物園)

🇯🇵 Toyama, Toyama Prefecture
One of its five glasshouses, added in 2000, is devoted to the flora of China's Yunnan province, camellias included.
JapanView entry →
2017–2018

Kuppanna Park Glass House (Nishad Bagh)

🇮🇳 Mysuru (Mysore), Karnataka
Modelled on the Lalbagh Glass House, this round conservatory 36 metres across was completed in time for Mysuru's 2018 Dasara.
IndiaView entry →
1915; rebuilt 1936

Tanghuawu Greenhouse, Zhongshan Park (唐花坞)

🇨🇳 Beijing
Built in 1915 to bring flowers into bloom in midwinter and rebuilt in 1936, it is described as Beijing's earliest modern greenhouse.
ChinaView entry →
Tottori Hanakairo Flower Dome (とっとり花回廊 フラワードーム), Nanbu, Tottori Prefecture
1999

Tottori Hanakairo Flower Dome (とっとり花回廊 フラワードーム)

🇯🇵 Nanbu, Tottori Prefecture
A 50-metre glass dome standing at the centre of a ring of covered walkways one kilometre long.
JapanView entry →
Crystal Palace Greenhouse, Hamamatsu Flower Park (はままつフラワーパーク 大温室), Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture
Renovated 2003

Crystal Palace Greenhouse, Hamamatsu Flower Park (はままつフラワーパーク 大温室)

🇯🇵 Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture
Nicknamed the Crystal Palace, the great glasshouse was renewed in 2003 with sashless glazing described as a first in Japan.
JapanView entry →
1976 (garden opening) · renovated 2018

Hiroshima Botanical Garden Large Greenhouse (広島市植物公園 大温室)

🇯🇵 Saeki-ku, Hiroshima
Renovated in 2018, the great glasshouse is home to an Australian baobab brought some 11,000 km from Kununurra.
JapanView entry →
2020

Cactus Garden Dome, Ekta Nagar (Kevadia)

🇮🇳 Ekta Nagar (Kevadia), Narmada district, Gujarat
An octagonal 836 m² dome shelters exotic cacti and succulents at the heart of a 25-acre desert garden on the banks of the Narmada.
IndiaView entry →
Rumah Kaca Hoya (Hoya Greenhouse), Kebun Raya Bogor, Bogor, West Java
2025

Rumah Kaca Hoya (Hoya Greenhouse), Kebun Raya Bogor

🇮🇩 Bogor, West Java
Opened in 2025, this 497.5 m² glasshouse holds more than 100 Hoya species and is billed as the most complete in Southeast Asia.
IndonesiaView entry →
Jungle Dome, Geoje Botanical Garden (거제식물원 정글돔), Geoje (South Gyeongsang)
2020

Jungle Dome, Geoje Botanical Garden (거제식물원 정글돔)

🇰🇷 Geoje (South Gyeongsang)
Some 7,500 triangular glass panes make up South Korea's largest glass dome, opened in January 2020.
South KoreaView entry →
Exhibition Greenhouse, Nanshan Botanical Garden (南山植物园展览温室), Chongqing (Nan'an)
2009

Exhibition Greenhouse, Nanshan Botanical Garden (南山植物园展览温室)

🇨🇳 Chongqing (Nan'an)
More than 32,800 steel members and 18,000 nodes make up the all-glass frame of this greenhouse, opened in 2009.
ChinaView entry →
1986

Fuligong Greenhouses, Kunming Botanical Garden (昆明植物园扶荔宫)

🇨🇳 Kunming (Yunnan)
The main glasshouse spirals up from 7.5 m at its north end to 29.9 m at its south end and holds over 1,800 species.
ChinaView entry →
Glasshouses of the Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Botanichesky Sad UrO RAN), Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast
1952

Glasshouses of the Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Botanichesky Sad UrO RAN)

🇷🇺 Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast
Four glasshouses built between 1952 and 1983 keep some 2,000 tropical taxa alive on the edge of the Urals.
RussiaView entry →
Green Dome Nettaikan, Itabashi Tropical Environment Botanical Garden (板橋区立熱帯環境植物館), Itabashi, Tokyo
1994

Green Dome Nettaikan, Itabashi Tropical Environment Botanical Garden (板橋区立熱帯環境植物館)

🇯🇵 Itabashi, Tokyo
A tropical glasshouse heated with waste heat from the neighbouring Itabashi incineration plant.
JapanView entry →
Tokiwa Museum World-Travelling Plant House (ときわミュージアム 世界を旅する植物館), Ube, Yamaguchi Prefecture
1995

Tokiwa Museum World-Travelling Plant House (ときわミュージアム 世界を旅する植物館)

🇯🇵 Ube, Yamaguchi Prefecture
A baobab brought from Senegal, described as one of the largest in Japan, anchors a botanical journey around the world.
JapanView entry →
Yurigahara Green Center Greenhouses (百合が原緑のセンター温室), Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido
1986

Yurigahara Green Center Greenhouses (百合が原緑のセンター温室)

🇯🇵 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido
In Japan's far north, some 250 camellia cultivars, shrubs that do not grow wild in Hokkaido, flower under glass.
JapanView entry →
Begonia Garden, Nabana no Sato (なばなの里 ベゴニアガーデン), Nagashima, Kuwana, Mie Prefecture

Begonia Garden, Nabana no Sato (なばなの里 ベゴニアガーデン)

🇯🇵 Nagashima, Kuwana, Mie Prefecture
Four glasshouses of about 9,000 m² where some 5,000 pots of tuberous begonias bloom all year round.
JapanView entry →
Center House, Matsue Vogel Park (松江フォーゲルパーク センターハウス), Matsue, Shimane Prefecture
2001

Center House, Matsue Vogel Park (松江フォーゲルパーク センターハウス)

🇯🇵 Matsue, Shimane Prefecture
A display glasshouse of about 8,000 m² where some 10,000 begonias and fuchsias bloom all year at around 20 °C.
JapanView entry →
Pyramid Cactus Greenhouses, Izu Shaboten Zoo (伊豆シャボテン動物公園), Itō, Shizuoka Prefecture
1959-1963

Pyramid Cactus Greenhouses, Izu Shaboten Zoo (伊豆シャボテン動物公園)

🇯🇵 Itō, Shizuoka Prefecture
Pyramid greenhouses, planned in 1959 to punctuate the grassland below Mount Ōmuro, hold some 1,500 species of cacti and succulents.
JapanView entry →
Display Greenhouse, Mito Botanical Park (水戸市植物公園 観賞大温室), Mito, Ibaraki Prefecture
1987

Display Greenhouse, Mito Botanical Park (水戸市植物公園 観賞大温室)

🇯🇵 Mito, Ibaraki Prefecture
Heated for over thirty years by waste heat from a neighbouring incinerator, this greenhouse won Mitsuo Taki a landscape architecture prize.
JapanView entry →
Great Greenhouse, Toyohashi Zoo and Botanical Park (Nonhoi Park), Toyohashi, Aichi Prefecture
1996

Great Greenhouse, Toyohashi Zoo and Botanical Park (Nonhoi Park)

🇯🇵 Toyohashi, Aichi Prefecture
A 2,700 m² glasshouse displays some 850 tropical and subtropical species around the theme of an 'everlasting summer'.
JapanView entry →
Tropical Rainforest of Utopia Park (Utopia Orchid Park), Kibbutz Bahan, Hefer Valley
2006

Tropical Rainforest of Utopia Park (Utopia Orchid Park)

🇮🇱 Kibbutz Bahan, Hefer Valley
When it opened in 2006, this rainforest under a transparent roof held some 500 kinds of orchid from around the world.
IsraelView entry →
2000

Conservatory of Rare Plants and Orchids, Rimba Ilmu

🇲🇾 Kuala Lumpur (Universiti Malaya campus)
A cooled 24 by 10 m conservatory where Universiti Malaya grows over 1,800 accessions of rare plants, including some 235 wild orchids.
MalaysiaView entry →
Astana Botanical Garden Orangeries (Botanikalyq Baq), Astana

Astana Botanical Garden Orangeries (Botanikalyq Baq)

🇰🇿 Astana
Two pyramid-shaped glasshouses kept at 24 to 26 °C all year round in the heart of Kazakhstan's capital.
KazakhstanView entry →
1990

Butterfly Greenhouse, Itami City Museum of Insects (伊丹市昆虫館 チョウ温室)

🇯🇵 Itami, Hyōgo Prefecture
A 15-metre hemispherical glass greenhouse where some 1,000 butterflies of about fourteen species fly all year round.
JapanView entry →
Large Greenhouse, Aoshima Subtropical Botanical Garden (県立青島亜熱帯植物園 大温室), Miyazaki, Miyazaki Prefecture
1967 (renewed 2016)

Large Greenhouse, Aoshima Subtropical Botanical Garden (県立青島亜熱帯植物園 大温室)

🇯🇵 Miyazaki, Miyazaki Prefecture
A ramp runs along all four glazed walls of this 14-metre-high greenhouse, lifting visitors to a gallery above the bougainvilleas.
JapanView entry →
Large Greenhouse, Hyogo Prefectural Flower Center (兵庫県立フラワーセンター 大温室), Kasai, Hyōgo Prefecture

Large Greenhouse, Hyogo Prefectural Flower Center (兵庫県立フラワーセンター 大温室)

🇯🇵 Kasai, Hyōgo Prefecture
A 55.5 cm Nepenthes truncata pitcher grown here has held the Guinness world record for the largest pitcher-plant trap since 2022.
JapanView entry →
2020

Domed Greenhouses, Taiyuan Botanical Garden (太原植物园展览温室)

🇨🇳 Taiyuan, Shanxi
At 88 metres across, the largest dome is billed as the world's longest clear-span non-triangulated timber gridshell.
ChinaView entry →
Kakegawa Kachoen Great Greenhouse (掛川花鳥園), Kakegawa, Shizuoka Prefecture
2003

Kakegawa Kachoen Great Greenhouse (掛川花鳥園)

🇯🇵 Kakegawa, Shizuoka Prefecture
In a greenhouse of about 7,000 m², some 600 birds of a hundred species live among hanging impatiens and tropical water lilies.
JapanView entry →
1979

Gōra Park Tropical Greenhouses (箱根強羅公園 熱帯植物館)

🇯🇵 Hakone, Kanagawa Prefecture
In a French-style garden opened in 1914, the bougainvillea house keeps a bonsai-trained specimen estimated to be 160 years old.
JapanView entry →
1985

World Tropical Fruit Greenhouse, Togokusan Fruit Park (東谷山フルーツパーク 世界の熱帯果樹温室)

🇯🇵 Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture
Its two domes, one large and one small, echo the keyhole-shaped burial mounds found in numbers around Mount Tōgoku.
JapanView entry →
Ansan Botanical Garden Glasshouses (안산식물원), Ansan (Sangnok-gu), Gyeonggi
1999–2002

Ansan Botanical Garden Glasshouses (안산식물원)

🇰🇷 Ansan (Sangnok-gu), Gyeonggi
Three glass halls set tropical palms and cacti alongside plants from central and southern Korea.
South KoreaView entry →
Waterdrop Greenhouse, Mulhyanggi Arboretum (물향기수목원 물방울온실), Osan (Sucheong-dong), Gyeonggi

Waterdrop Greenhouse, Mulhyanggi Arboretum (물향기수목원 물방울온실)

🇰🇷 Osan (Sucheong-dong), Gyeonggi
A waterdrop-shaped glasshouse modelled on a Southeast Asian subtropical rainforest, holding 337 tropical species.
South KoreaView entry →
2024

Tianjiyuan Research and Exhibition Greenhouse, Hunan Botanical Garden (湖南省植物园天际苑)

🇨🇳 Changsha (Yuhua), Hunan
Four climate-controlled halls, from tropical rainforest to Hunan's subalpine mountains, hold more than 2,500 species and cultivars.
ChinaView entry →
2005

Ecological Greenhouse of the Observation Hall, Gunma Insect World (ぐんま昆虫の森 生態温室)

🇯🇵 Kiryū (Niisato), Gunma Prefecture
A glass shell by Tadao Ando, cut from a sphere 57 m in radius, shelters a subtropical forest alive with butterflies.
JapanView entry →
1970

Tropical Grand Dome, Kusatsu Nettaiken (草津熱帯圏 熱帯大ドーム)

🇯🇵 Kusatsu, Gunma Prefecture
Warmed by the heat of Kusatsu's hot springs, this 15-metre dome stays at about 23 °C all year at an altitude of some 1,200 metres.
JapanView entry →
Vanilla Dome, Tropical Plant House of Ibaraki Botanical Garden (バニラドーム／茨城県植物園 熱帯植物館), Naka, Ibaraki Prefecture
Garden opened 1981; house renewed 2025

Vanilla Dome, Tropical Plant House of Ibaraki Botanical Garden (バニラドーム／茨城県植物園 熱帯植物館)

🇯🇵 Naka, Ibaraki Prefecture
More than fifty vanilla plants were added to this tropical house, renamed the Vanilla Dome when it reopened in 2025.
JapanView entry →
1996 (renewed 2021)

Himi Seaside Botanical Garden Greenhouses (氷見市海浜植物園)

🇯🇵 Himi, Toyama Prefecture
Designed by Itsuko Hasegawa, this ring-shaped building lined with translucent glasshouses is Japan's only seaside botanical garden.
JapanView entry →
2026

Exhibition Greenhouse, Ningbo Botanical Garden (宁波植物园展览温室)

🇨🇳 Ningbo (Zhenhai District), Zhejiang
Opened in April 2026 and billed as the only large multi-purpose plant exhibition greenhouse in Zhejiang province.
ChinaView entry →
2009

Exhibition Greenhouse, Zhengzhou Botanical Garden (郑州植物园展览温室)

🇨🇳 Zhengzhou (Zhongyuan District), Henan
Rising to 30.4 m, its outline is derived from the bronze chime bells associated with the culture of the Central Plains.
ChinaView entry →
2023

Subtropical Greenhouse, Science Museum of Jinan Botanical Garden (济南植物园科普馆亚热带温室)

🇨🇳 Jinan (Zhangqiu District), Shandong
Designed as a 'floating garden' in a misty forest, the greenhouse holds more than 600 tropical and subtropical species.
ChinaView entry →
1995

Glass Greenhouse, Yuntai Garden (云台花园玻璃温室)

🇨🇳 Guangzhou (Baiyun District), Guangdong
Seen from above, this 1,200 m² glasshouse on a hilltop traces the outline of an orchid flower.
ChinaView entry →
2013

Donggung Botanical Garden, Gyeongju Donggungwon (경주동궁원 동궁식물원)

🇰🇷 Gyeongju (Bomun tourist complex), North Gyeongsang
A glasshouse crowned with golden chimi and lotus-patterned tiles, recalling the Silla palace where rare flowers and birds were kept.
South KoreaView entry →
Tropical Dome Greenhouse, Odawara Flower Garden (小田原フラワーガーデン トロピカルドーム温室), Odawara, Kanagawa Prefecture
1995

Tropical Dome Greenhouse, Odawara Flower Garden (小田原フラワーガーデン トロピカルドーム温室)

🇯🇵 Odawara, Kanagawa Prefecture
A domed greenhouse 40 m across, kept at around 22 °C by surplus heat from the neighbouring municipal incineration plant.
JapanView entry →
1989

Butterfly Greenhouse, Kashihara City Museum of Insects (橿原市昆虫館 放蝶温室)

🇯🇵 Kashihara, Nara Prefecture
A glasshouse shaped like a butterfly with outspread wings, where some 500 subtropical butterflies fly all year round.
JapanView entry →
2000

Ornamental Greenhouse, Genkai Energy Park (玄海エネルギーパーク 観賞用温室)

🇯🇵 Genkai, Saga Prefecture
A glasshouse heated with waste heat from a nuclear power station, holding 16,000 plants of some 200 species.
JapanView entry →
2014

Camellia Glasshouse, Kurume World Camellia Museum (久留米市世界のつばき館 ツバキ展示施設)

🇯🇵 Kurume (Kusano district), Fukuoka Prefecture
A glasshouse devoted to wild camellias, with more than a hundred species arranged in five geographical zones.
JapanView entry →
1912

Winter Garden and Orangery of the Northern Botanical Garden (Severny Botanichesky Sad)

🇰🇿 Petropavl, North Kazakhstan Region
Kazakhstan's oldest botanical garden began in 1912 as a glasshouse where a meat-canning plant grew bay laurel and onions.
KazakhstanView entry →
Insectopia Butterfly Greenhouse, Tama Zoological Park (多摩動物公園 昆虫生態園), Hino, Tokyo
1987-1988

Insectopia Butterfly Greenhouse, Tama Zoological Park (多摩動物公園 昆虫生態園)

🇯🇵 Hino, Tokyo
Seen from above, this greenhouse set over a small valley traces a butterfly; it won the Architectural Institute of Japan Prize in 1989.
JapanView entry →
2019

Tropical Rainforest Indoor Hall (Pangolin House), Taipei Zoo (熱帶雨林室內館／穿山甲館)

🇹🇼 Taipei (Wenshan District)
Its steel-truss arches and scale-like shell are modelled on the Taiwanese pangolin, the endangered animal that gave the hall its nickname.
TaiwanView entry →
2023

Jecheon Subtropical Smart Greenhouse (제천 아열대스마트온실)

🇰🇷 Jecheon (Agricultural Technology Center), North Chungcheong
In Jecheon, dubbed a 'winter kingdom' by the press, a 1,985 m² smart greenhouse grows bananas, papayas and coffee.
South KoreaView entry →
1995

Cactus and Succulent Glasshouses, Fairy Lake Botanical Garden (仙湖植物园仙人掌与多肉园)

🇨🇳 Shenzhen (Luohu District)
Three greenhouses devoted to the Americas, Asia and Africa, one of them a transparent cactus dome, linked by covered walkways.
ChinaView entry →
1997

Floral Place Greenhouse, Denpark (安城産業文化公園デンパーク フローラルプレイス)

🇯🇵 Anjō, Aichi Prefecture
Under a 3,600 m² glass atrium, a recreated Danish street and a Little Mermaid statue surround flower beds renewed five times a year.
JapanView entry →
BOTANICA MUSEUM Greenhouse, former Chiba City Flower Museum (千葉市花の美術館), Mihama-ku, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture
1995 (renovated 2022–2025)

BOTANICA MUSEUM Greenhouse, former Chiba City Flower Museum (千葉市花の美術館)

🇯🇵 Mihama-ku, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture
Built around a waterfall for the 1995 urban greening fair, the cylindrical glass greenhouse kept its original layout in the 2025 artistic makeover.
JapanView entry →
Lotus Hall Atrium Greenhouse, Mizunomori Water Botanical Garden (草津市立水生植物公園みずの森 ロータス館), Kusatsu, Shiga Prefecture
1996

Lotus Hall Atrium Greenhouse, Mizunomori Water Botanical Garden (草津市立水生植物公園みずの森 ロータス館)

🇯🇵 Kusatsu, Shiga Prefecture
The park says this heated greenhouse produced the only flowering in Japan of a true sal tree, one of the sacred trees of Buddhism.
JapanView entry →
2005 (renewed 2023)

Shibuya City Botanical Garden Fureai (渋谷区ふれあい植物センター)

🇯🇵 Shibuya, Tokyo
Originally powered by the incineration plant next door, the smallest member of Japan's botanical garden association now grows fruit to eat.
JapanView entry →
South Garden Exhibition Greenhouse, China National Botanical Garden (国家植物园南园展览温室), Haidian, Beijing
1950s–1965

South Garden Exhibition Greenhouse, China National Botanical Garden (国家植物园南园展览温室)

🇨🇳 Haidian, Beijing
It shelters the Bodhi tree Nehru gave China in 1954, the country's only one propagated from the tree of the Buddha's meditation.
ChinaView entry →
Great Greenhouse, Tochigi Hana Center, "Tochihana-chan Dome" (とちぎ花センター 鑑賞大温室), Tochigi (Iwafune), Tochigi Prefecture
1992

Great Greenhouse, Tochigi Hana Center, "Tochihana-chan Dome" (とちぎ花センター 鑑賞大温室)

🇯🇵 Tochigi (Iwafune), Tochigi Prefecture
At 2,225 m² and 22.5 m high, it ranks among the largest single-building glasshouses in Japan.
JapanView entry →
Great Greenhouse, Osaka Prefectural Flower Culture Garden (大阪府立花の文化園 大温室), Kawachinagano, Osaka Prefecture
1990 (garden opening)

Great Greenhouse, Osaka Prefectural Flower Culture Garden (大阪府立花の文化園 大温室)

🇯🇵 Kawachinagano, Osaka Prefecture
A glass pyramid shaped like a flower bud, a legacy of Osaka's 1990 International Garden and Greenery Exposition.
JapanView entry →
Đồi Vạn Hoa (World Garden), VinWonders Nha Trang greenhouses, Nha Trang (Hòn Tre island), Khánh Hòa
2017

Đồi Vạn Hoa (World Garden), VinWonders Nha Trang greenhouses

🇻🇳 Nha Trang (Hòn Tre island), Khánh Hòa
On a hilltop island off Nha Trang, five greenhouses where a 250-year-old baobab shares space with 500 orchid species and 10,000 roses.
VietnamView entry →
Botanik Sera, greenhouse of Ankara's Botanical Park, Çankaya, Ankara
1970

Botanik Sera, greenhouse of Ankara's Botanical Park

🇹🇷 Çankaya, Ankara
Closed in 1995 and later declared unsafe, the 1970 glasshouse reopened in 2025 as a “plant hospital” run by biologists.
TurkeyView entry →
2024

Glass House, Kalaignar Centenary Park

🇮🇳 Chennai (Cathedral Road), Tamil Nadu
A 16-metre air-conditioned glasshouse opened in 2024 on central Chennai land recovered by the state after a long legal battle.
IndiaView entry →
2005

Grin Grin (ぐりんぐりん), Island City Central Park

🇯🇵 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture
Toyo Ito shaped it as three free-form shells of concrete, steel and glass, likened to pearls strung along a green belt.
JapanView entry →
1993

Large Greenhouse, Adachi Park of Living Things (足立区生物園 大温室)

🇯🇵 Adachi, Tokyo
A two-level tropical greenhouse where the park released 9,368 butterflies of 65 species in a single year, mostly in this house.
JapanView entry →
1950s

Orangery of the Botanical Garden-Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Oranzhereya BSI DVO RAN)

🇷🇺 Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai
Grown from two small 1950s glasshouses whose walls still show inside, it holds Russia's largest collection of Cymbidium orchids.
RussiaView entry →
Southern Dome Noshiro Tropical Garden, Noshiro Energium Park (サザンドームのしろ／能代エナジアムパーク), Noshiro, Akita Prefecture

Southern Dome Noshiro Tropical Garden, Noshiro Energium Park (サザンドームのしろ／能代エナジアムパーク)

🇯🇵 Noshiro, Akita Prefecture
Beneath a transparent dome, waste heat from a coal-fired power station warms a jungle of some 460 species through the winter.
JapanView entry →

Greenhouse, Botanical Garden of Amagasaki City, Kamisakabe-Nishi Park (上坂部西公園 温室)

🇯🇵 Amagasaki, Hyōgo Prefecture
A greenhouse of some 800 kinds of plants on former factory land that a 4,300-signature petition saved from becoming a bowling alley.
JapanView entry →

Ornamental Greenhouse, Sano Botanical Park (佐野植物公園 観賞温室)

🇯🇵 Ōita, Ōita Prefecture
A brick-built greenhouse warmed by surplus heat from the neighbouring waste incinerator, which also feeds the park's foot bath.
JapanView entry →
Oceania (26)
Auckland Domain Wintergardens, Auckland Domain, Auckland
1921–1928

Auckland Domain Wintergardens

🇳🇿 Auckland Domain, Auckland
Paid for with profits from the 1913-14 exhibition, they are rated by Heritage New Zealand the finest glasshouses of their kind in the country.
New ZealandView entry →
Bicentennial Conservatory, Adelaide Botanic Garden
1989

Bicentennial Conservatory

🇦🇺 Adelaide Botanic Garden
The largest single-span glasshouse in the entire Southern Hemisphere.
AustraliaView entry →
Butterfly House, Melbourne Zoo, Parkville
1985

Butterfly House

🇦🇺 Melbourne Zoo, Parkville
At Melbourne Zoo, a free-flight butterfly house opened on December 11, 1985.
AustraliaView entry →
Cuningham House, Christchurch Botanic Gardens, Christchurch
1923–1924

Cuningham House

🇳🇿 Christchurch Botanic Gardens, Christchurch
Described at its opening as "the finest building of its kind in Australia and New Zealand."
New ZealandView entry →
Fitzroy Gardens Conservatory, Melbourne, Victoria
1930

Fitzroy Gardens Conservatory

🇦🇺 Melbourne, Victoria
A greenhouse built during the Great Depression to bring a touch of color to a city in crisis.
AustraliaView entry →
John Hart Conservatory, City Park, Launceston, Tasmania
1932

John Hart Conservatory

🇦🇺 City Park, Launceston, Tasmania
A small Art Deco greenhouse tucked into Launceston's historic park, alongside its famous Japanese macaques
AustraliaView entry →
Lady Norwood Begonia House, Wellington Botanic Garden, Wellington
1960

Lady Norwood Begonia House

🇳🇿 Wellington Botanic Garden, Wellington
Hailed as the largest greenhouse in the entire Southern Hemisphere when it opened, it is now being restored.
New ZealandView entry →
Palm House, Adelaide Botanic Garden, Adelaide
1877

Palm House

🇦🇺 Adelaide Botanic Garden, Adelaide
Prefabricated German Victorian greenhouse from Bremen, the only known surviving example of its kind
AustraliaView entry →
Pukekura Park Fernery and Display Houses, Pukekura Park, New Plymouth, Taranaki
1928

Pukekura Park Fernery and Display Houses

🇳🇿 Pukekura Park, New Plymouth, Taranaki
Its three grottoes were dug into the hillside with spades: about 4,000 cubic yards of subsoil removed by hand.
New ZealandView entry →
Pyramid Glasshouse (Tropical Centre), Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, New South Wales
1970–1971

Pyramid Glasshouse (Tropical Centre)

🇦🇺 Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, New South Wales
Described as the first glasshouse of its kind, this glass pyramid held a spiral staircase rising through tropical planting.
AustraliaView entry →
Robert Clark Conservatory, Ballarat Botanical Gardens, Ballarat, Victoria

Robert Clark Conservatory

🇦🇺 Ballarat Botanical Gardens, Ballarat, Victoria
Every autumn this conservatory shows the city's begonia collection, the centrepiece of a festival held since 1953.
AustraliaView entry →
The Calyx, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, New South Wales
2016

The Calyx

🇦🇺 Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, New South Wales
A white colonnade completes the curve of a 1980s glasshouse into a circle, framing the garden like a camera.
AustraliaView entry →
Tropical Display Dome, Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mount Coot-tha, Brisbane, Queensland
1977

Tropical Display Dome

🇦🇺 Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mount Coot-tha, Brisbane, Queensland
A 28-metre dome opened in 1977, where aroids, heliconias and palms grow alongside cocoa and African nutmeg.
AustraliaView entry →
Winter Garden Glasshouse, Dunedin Botanic Garden, Dunedin, Otago
1907–1908

Winter Garden Glasshouse

🇳🇿 Dunedin Botanic Garden, Dunedin, Otago
Proposed in 1906 and opened in 1908, it is the first winter garden built in Australasia, according to Heritage New Zealand.
New ZealandView entry →
Rosalind Park Conservatory, Bendigo, Victoria
1897

Rosalind Park Conservatory

🇦🇺 Bendigo, Victoria
Bendigo's first prefabricated building, this 1897 cast-iron conservatory is the only nineteenth-century conservatory left standing in a public park in Victoria.
AustraliaView entry →
The Conservatory, Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens, Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens, Hobart, Tasmania
1939

The Conservatory, Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens

🇦🇺 Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens, Hobart, Tasmania
Its walls reuse sandstone from Hobart's old hospital, demolished in 1939, and its doors were salvaged from a city jeweller's shop.
AustraliaView entry →
1936

Begonia House, Machattie Park

🇦🇺 Machattie Park, Bathurst, New South Wales
Every year from February to April, some 300 tuberous begonias rise in tiers along the L-shaped stands of this 1936 glasshouse.
AustraliaView entry →
Virginia Lake Winter Gardens (Rotokawau), Whanganui, Manawatū-Whanganui
1940

Virginia Lake Winter Gardens (Rotokawau)

🇳🇿 Whanganui, Manawatū-Whanganui
Built in 1940 to mark New Zealand's centennial, the glasshouse extends from a streamlined Moderne entrance building beside Lake Rotokawau.
New ZealandView entry →
Amazon Waterlily Pavilion, Adelaide Botanic Garden, Adelaide, South Australia
2007

Amazon Waterlily Pavilion

🇦🇺 Adelaide Botanic Garden, Adelaide, South Australia
Load-bearing columns and beams of laminated glass: a 2007 pavilion built around the heritage pond of the 1867 Victoria House.
AustraliaView entry →
Blowes Conservatory (Cook Park), Orange, New South Wales
1934

Blowes Conservatory (Cook Park)

🇦🇺 Orange, New South Wales
Donated in 1934 by Mayor Alfred William Blowes, it grows tuberous begonias, the first of them a gift from the City of Ballarat.
AustraliaView entry →
1980

Bason Botanic Gardens Conservatories

🇳🇿 Whanganui, Manawatū-Whanganui
Glasshouses written into a deed of gift: Stanley Bason made their construction the condition of handing his farm to the city in 1966.
New ZealandView entry →
North Coast Regional Botanic Garden Glasshouse, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales
2022

North Coast Regional Botanic Garden Glasshouse

🇦🇺 Coffs Harbour, New South Wales
A tropical house warmed mainly by the sun through large north-facing windows, sheltering plants from Indonesia and Malaysia.
AustraliaView entry →
1968–1970

Sir Joseph Banks Glasshouse, Wollongong Botanic Garden

🇦🇺 Keiraville, Wollongong, New South Wales
Opened in 1970 for the bicentenary of Cook's landing, it houses a Haworthia collection of more than 1,000 plants.
AustraliaView entry →
1988

Alf Headland Conservatory, Wombat Hill Botanic Gardens

🇦🇺 Daylesford, Victoria
It honours the caretaker who, from 1956, revived the gardens' begonias from two tubers found in the wood shed.
AustraliaView entry →
1966

John Holt Memorial Display House (Cornwall Park)

🇳🇿 Hastings, Hawke's Bay
Given in 1966 by a daughter in memory of her father, this glasshouse copied the infra-red heating of Wellington's Begonia House.
New ZealandView entry →
Peter Black Conservatory (Victoria Esplanade), Palmerston North, Manawatū-Whanganui
1951

Peter Black Conservatory (Victoria Esplanade)

🇳🇿 Palmerston North, Manawatū-Whanganui
This 1951 conservatory honours Peter Black, a pupil of Isaac Bayley Balfour at Edinburgh who shaped Palmerston North's parks for some 35 years.
New ZealandView entry →

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